Science

A surprising vitamin A discovery is changing what scientists know about vision

Scientists at Johns Hopkins University have uncovered a surprising process that helps humans develop sharp vision before birth, challenging decades of assumptions about how the eye forms.

✦ Extractive summary — built from the sources' own reporting•From 1 source•1 min read•Updated October 31, 2026, 4:31 AM UTC

Using miniature human retinas grown in the lab, researchers discovered that a vitamin A derivative and thyroid hormones work together to shape the foveola, the tiny region at the center of the retina responsible for our sharpest vision.

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