• The House on Thursday morning passed what Trump has been calling his "big beautiful bill."
• It includes a repeal of student loan forgiveness and an increase in the child tax credit.
• The tax bill is headed to the Senate, where it's subject to change.

From taxes to student loan forgiveness, provisions in President Donald Trump's "big beautiful bill" are one step closer to affecting Americans' wallets.

On Thursday morning, the House passed the tax bill — an expansive piece of legislation that would extend the president's 2017 tax cuts and make key changes to the tax system, along with implementing significant changes to Medicaid and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.

The bill is now headed to the Senate, where it's subject to change.

"Now, it's time for our friends in the United States Senate to get to work, and send this Bill to my desk AS SOON AS POSSIBLE!" Trump wrote in a post on Truth Social on Thursday morning. "There is no time to waste."

The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office has said that the tax bill in its current form would increase the US deficit. Moody's Analytics downgraded the US's credit rating last week, saying Trump's tax bill could add $4 trillion to the federal deficit over the next decade. This could lead to higher interest rates on mortgages, auto loans, and more down the road.

Here are four other key ways the tax bill could affect Americans' finances.

A slew of tax policies

Many of Trump's campaign promises are included in the tax bill.

The legislation would allow workers who typically receive tips and overtime wages to claim a tax deduction on those amounts. The bill also has a measure for a $4,000 tax deduction for older people making less than $75,000 a year. Those two provisions would extend until 2029.

The bill would also raise the child tax credit from $2,000 to $2,500 through 2028. Additionally, it would eliminate electric vehicle tax credits and establish a $250 annual registration fee for electric vehicle owners.

The bill would also make Trump's 2017 tax cuts permanent and increase the state and local tax deduction, known as SALT, from $10,000 to $40,000.

Student loan forgiveness repealed

Under Trump's tax bill, millions of student loan borrowers would see their repayment options change. The legislation proposes eliminating income-driven repayment plans and replacing them with two options: the Repayment Assistance Plan and a standard repayment plan.

The Repayment Assistance Plan would allow for loan forgiveness after 360 qualifying payments based on the borrowers' income, while the standard repayment plan would require a fixed monthly payment over a period set by the servicer.

The bill also would repeal former President Joe Biden's SAVE plan, an income-driven repayment plan that promised cheaper monthly payments and a shorter timeline for debt relief. The plan is blocked in court pending a final legal decision.

'Trump accounts'

If the bill passes, parents could get extra money for their kids down the line. The tax bill includes a "Trump account," previously called a "money account for growth and advancement," or MAGA account. The government would put $1,000 into accounts for babies born after December 31, 2024, and before January 1, 2029. The baby would be required to have been born in the US and have a Social Security number to receive the cash.

The accounts would have tax incentives; earnings would be tax-deferred, meaning taxes on the accounts would not need to be paid right away. Withdrawals from the accounts would also be taxed at the long-term capital-gains rate, which is dependent on income and typically lower than the regular income tax rate.

Work requirements for Medicaid and SNAP

Lower-income Americans could face bigger healthcare costs or lose federal assistance benefits. The tax bill would mean significant changes for the millions who rely on Medicaid and SNAP. The legislation would mandate that states implement an 80-hour-a-month work requirement by the end of 2026 for childless adults on Medicaid without a disability.

The Congressional Budget Office previously estimated that work requirements on Medicaid could strip coverage from over 8 million Americans over the next decade.

Additionally, the bill would extend the age range of adults subject to work requirements to receive SNAP to include adults ages 55 to 64. Currently, adults ages 18 to 54 without children can receive SNAP benefits only if they work at least 20 hours a week.

• Democrats are outnumbered in Congress.
• Major policy debates among Democrats are instead unfolding in the states.
• From housing to school lunches, state Democrats are finding ways to advance their agenda.

Before President Donald Trump took office for his second term, Democrats in state legislatures across the country began preparing themselves for an onslaught of conservative-driven policies.

As the new year began, Democrats in the states filed a flurry of bills addressing everything from minimum wage increases and price fixing to child poverty and medical leave to stave off Trump's expected initiatives.

Despite the preparation, Democrats were still alarmed, however, when the administration last week sought to freeze billions in federal funding.

Here's how state Democrats are seeking to advance their priorities against the prospect of federal funding fights.

An eye on housing affordability

Trump's campaign success rested largely on the economy, rallying his base and even some longtime Democratic voters to the GOP over inflation.

The potential of a funding freeze, however, could threaten critical housing assistance programs that have aided many Americans. The president's new tariffs on imports from Canada, China, and Mexico could also raise the cost of materials for construction, causing house prices to go up.

So Democrats in the states are trying to pass a series of laws focused on housing affordability.

In Colorado, legislative Democrats are debating a bill that would regulate rent-setting computer algorithms, which many lawmakers said have allowed housing prices to be artificially increased and, in turn, have provided more favorable rent prices to landlords.

A report issued by the Biden administration in December found that renters in Denver paid $136 more each month to landlords who used the computer algorithms. (The report has since been taken down from the White House website.)

Similar efforts are underway in California, New Jersey, and Virginia, which all have Democratic-controlled legislatures.

In Wisconsin, legislative Democrats have also introduced a bill to broaden the homestead tax credit, which gives property tax relief to lower-income renters and homeowners.

Tackling child poverty

In 2021, congressional Democrats muscled through an expanded Child Tax Credit as part of then-President Joe Biden's American Rescue Plan — which directed monthly payments of $250 to $300 per child from July through December of that year.

However, an extension of the expanded Child Tax Credit failed to materialize due to opposition from then-Democratic Sen. Joe Manchin of West Virginia. And there was inaction on the issue at the federal level during the final two years of Biden's terms.

Among the uncertainty caused by January's funding freeze order, many eyes turned to the National School Lunch Program, a federal program that provides low-cost or free lunches to schoolchildren.

Democratic lawmakers in Alaska, Washington, New York, and Virginia are looking to pass legislation that would make school breakfasts and lunches free for all public K-12 students.

While there's no guarantee that the school lunch bills will pass in every state, Democrats are positioned to pass many of their highest-profile priorities in the states. And legislative Democrats are set to play a huge role in how the party navigates Trump's second term.

"The Trump administration is leading with chaos and confusion while prioritizing billionaires over working families," Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee President Heather Williams told Business Insider in a statement.

"As families scramble to navigate the dysfunction and make ends meet, state Democrats are picking up Washington's mess and bringing real solutions forward to bring prices down," she said. "From boosting rental assistance to eliminating the cost of school meals, Democrats are laser-focused and leading the fight against the callous economic devastation threatened by Trump and Republicans."