Historian Roel Konijnendijk reviews ancient warfare scenes and battle tactics in movies and TV shows.
He looks at the naval battle and gladiator fights depicted in "Gladiator II," starring Paul Mescal, Pedro Pascal, and Denzel Washington. He talks about how armies would signal attacks in season two of "House of the Dragon," starring Matt Smith, Emma D'Arcy, and Olivia Cooke. He breaks down the many siege warfare methods in "Prince of Persia," starring Jake Gyllenhaal, Ben Kingsley, and Gemma Arterton; and season two of "The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power." He discusses the purposes behind cavalry charges in "The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King," starring Elijah Wood, Ian McKellen, and Viggo Mortensen; and "Kingdom of Heaven," starring Orlando Bloom, Liam Neeson, and Edward Norton. He explains the ancient Greek shock tactics in "300: Rise of an Empire," starring Eva Green and Lena Headey. He points out how line formations operate in "Rome," starring Tobias Menzies and Kerry Condon. Finally, he examines the strengths and weaknesses of Kublai Khan's army in "Marco Polo," starring Benedict Wong.
Roel Konijnendijk is a historian of ancient warfare at Lincoln College, University of Oxford. He specializes in classical Greek warfare.
You can find Roel on social media here on Bluesky or X (formerly Twitter).
A number of beloved movies released in 2000 are turning 25 this year.
2000 was the year that Hugh Jackman started playing Wolverine in "X-Men."
It also saw the release of much-loved children's movies including "How the Grinch Stole Christmas."
It's 2025, so iconic films including "X-Men" and "Cast Away" are turning 25 this year.
That means it's over two decades since Hugh Jackman first played Wolverine in the "X-Men" franchise and it became impossible to hear the name "Wilson" without imagining Tom Hanks yelling it.
Here are the 13 most iconic movies that turn 25 in 2025.
'Final Destination'
Release date: March 17, 2000.
Rotten Tomatoes score: 36%
Synopsis: "Alex Browning (Devon Sawa), is embarking on a trip to Paris. Alex experiences a premonition β he sees the plane explode moments after leaving the ground. Alex insists that everyone get off the plane, and seven people, including Alex, are forced to disembark. All watch as the plane actually explodes in a fireball. He and the other survivors have briefly cheated death, but will not be able to evade their fate for very long. One by one, these fugitives from fate fall victim to the grim reaper."
Synopsis: "Commodus (Joaquin Phoenix) takes power and strips rank from Maximus (Russell Crowe), one of the favored generals of his predecessor and father, Emperor Marcus Aurelius, the great stoical philosopher. Maximus is then relegated to fighting to the death in the gladiator arenas."
'Mission Impossible II'
Release date: May 24, 2000.
Rotten Tomatoes score: 56%
Synopsis: "Tom Cruise returns to his role as Ethan Hunt in the second installment of 'Mission: Impossible.' This time Ethan Hunt leads his IMF team on a mission to capture a deadly German virus before it is released by terrorists. His mission is made impossible due to the fact that he is not the only person after samples of the disease. He must also contest with a gang of international terrorists headed by a turned-bad former IMF agent who has already managed to steal the cure."
'Chicken Run'
Release date: June 30, 2000.
Rotten Tomatoes score: 97%
Synopsis: "This engaging stop-motion, claymation adventure tells the story of an American rooster who falls in love with a gorgeous hen on a British farm. The couple decides to run away from the farm, but they must first contend with the evil farmer who is intent on keeping them under her control. The chickens decide to attempt an escape so they don't get turned into chicken pot pies."
Synopsis: "They are children of the atom, homo superior, the next link in the chain of evolution. Each was born with a unique genetic mutation, which at puberty manifested itself in extraordinary powers. In a world filled with hate and prejudice, they are feared by those who cannot accept their differences. Led by Xavier, the X-Men fight to protect a world that fears them. They are locked in a battle with former colleague and friend, Magneto who believes humans and mutants should never co-exist."
'Snatch'
Release date: September 1, 2000.
Rotten Tomatoes score: 74%
Synopsis: "Illegal boxing promoter Turkish (Jason Statham) convinces gangster Brick Top (Alan Ford) to offer bets on bare-knuckle boxer Mickey (Brad Pitt) at his bookie business. When Mickey does not throw his first fight as agreed, an infuriated Brick Top demands another match. Meanwhile, gangster Frankie Four Fingers (Benicio del Toro) comes to place a bet for a friend with Brick Top's bookies, as multiple criminals converge on a stolen diamond that Frankie has come to London to sell."
'Billy Elliot'
Release date: September 29, 2000.
Rotten Tomatoes score: 85%
Synopsis: "The life of 11-year-old Billy Elliot, a coal miner's son in Northern England, is forever changed one day when he stumbles upon a ballet class during his weekly boxing lesson. Before long, he finds himself in dance, demonstrating the kind of raw talent seldom seen by the class-exacting instructor, Mrs. Wilkinson. With a tart tongue and a never-ending stream of cigarettes in her hand, Mrs. Wilkinson's zest for teaching is revived when she sees Billy's potential."
'Charlie's Angels'
Release date: November 3, 2000.
Rotten Tomatoes score: 68%
Synopsis:Β "A trio of elite private investigators armed with the latest in high-tech tools, high-performance vehicles, martial arts techniques, and an array of disguises unleash their state-of-the-art skills on land, sea, and air to track down a kidnapped billionaire-to-be and keep his top-secret voice-identification software out of lethal hands. They're beautiful, they're brilliant, and they work for Charlie."
'Unbreakable'
Release date: November 22, 2000.
Rotten Tomatoes score: 70%
Synopsis: "David Dunn (Bruce Willis) is the sole survivor of a devastating train wreck. Elijah Price (Samuel L. Jackson) is a mysterious stranger who offers a bizarre explanation as to why David escaped without a single scratch β an explanation which threatens to change David's family and his life forever."
'How the Grinch Stole Christmas'
Release date: November 17, 2000.
Rotten Tomatoes score: 49%
Synopsis: "In this live-action adaptation of the beloved children's tale by Dr. Seuss, the reclusive green Grinch (Jim Carrey) decides to ruin Christmas for the cheery citizens of Whoville. Reluctantly joined by his hapless dog, Max, the Grinch comes down from his mountaintop home and sneaks into town to swipe everything holiday-related from the Whos. However, the bitter grump finds a hitch in his plans when he encounters the endearing Cindy Lou Who (Taylor Momsen)."
'Cast Away'
Release date: December 22, 2000.
Rotten Tomatoes score: 89%
Synopsis: "Obsessively punctual FedEx executive Chuck Noland (Tom Hanks) is en route to an assignment in Malaysia when his plane crashes over the Pacific Ocean during a storm. The sole survivor of the flight, Chuck washes ashore on a deserted island. When his efforts to sail away and contact help fail, Chuck learns how to survive on the island, where he remains for years, accompanied by only his handmade volleyball friend, Wilson. Will Chuck ever return to civilization and reunite with his loved ones?"
In the 25 years since, Lopez has remained in the public eye, Austin Butler is set to star in an "American Psycho" remake, and Coldplay has gone on to release a slew of popular songs from "Viva la Vida" and "Clocks" to "A Sky Full of Stars."
Though the year 2000 may seem like it wasn't that long ago β especially with Gen Z's attempts to revive Y2K fashion β daily life looked significantly different: The average tank of gas cost $1.52, movie tickets cost $5.39, and Instagram was a decade from invention.
So, with the arrival of 2025, here's a look back at some of the music, books, film, TV, tech, and newsworthy events that first captured our attention 25 years ago and have held on ever since.
The world's first camera phone was introduced 25 years ago.
Although camera phones are common today, the first phone for sale with a camera was released in 2000. The phone was called J-SH04, and it had just a 0.1-megapixel resolution.
A 2002 version of the J-Phone is pictured above.
The first "The Sims" game is turning 25, too.
The popular computer game, "The Sims," made its debut on February 4, 2000, and since then, the franchise has sold 200 million game copies, The Washington Post reported in 2020.
One of the most recent editions of the game, "The Sims 4: Life and Death," was released on October 31, 2024.
The teen clothing brand Hollister opened in 2000.
In 2000, Abercrombie & Fitch launched a new brand called Hollister, geared toward teenagers. The clothing store markets itself as laid-back attire, inspired by California's relaxed lifestyle.
Today, there are more than 500 Hollister stores worldwide.
The popular dating website eHarmony launched in 2000.
Before there was Tinder or Bumble, clinical psychologist Dr. Neil Clark Warren created eHarmony, a website designed to help you meet your perfect match.
The site initially had users answer more than 450 questions to help them better enter long-term relationships. Since then, the site has cut down its questions, but remained one of the top online dating services. In 2017, for example, eHarmony had 750,000 paid subscribers and 10 million active users.
NSYNC's "Bye Bye Bye" was released on January 17, 2000.
In January 2000, boy band NSYNC released "Bye Bye Bye" as the lead single for their album "No Strings Attached."
The song reached No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 list, and the music video became a cultural phenomenon, staying in first place on "Total Request Live" for 25 days. It was even nominated for video of the year at MTV Video Music Awards.
Ricky Martin's hit single "She Bangs" is also turning 25.
Twenty-five years ago, Ricky Martin released "She Bangs," and the single climbed the charts. It reached 12th place on the Billboard Hot 100 and stayed there for 18 weeks.
"I Hope You Dance" by Lee Ann Womack was also released 25 years ago.
When Lee Ann Womack released her country single "I Hope You Dance" in 2000, it became a hit. It reached the top spot on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, and she earned a Country Music Association Award for single of the year.
Baha Men's "Who Let the Dogs Out" also turns 25 this year.
When Baha Men first released "Who Let the Dogs Out," it flopped, barely reaching the top 40. But slowly, the single gained popularity in the early 2000s, as the catchy lyrics and tune caught on.
Bon Jovi carried their career into the new decade with "It's My Life," released May 8, 2000.
In the '80s and '90s, Bon Jovi released massive hits like "Livin' on a Prayer" and "You Give Love a Bad Name," but the band released another hit single in 2000: "It's My Life." The song eventually climbed to the top of the charts, carrying the band into another decade of success.
Coldplay's debut album, "Parachutes," came out in July 2000.
Bandmates Chris Martin, Will Champion, Jonny Buckland, and Guy Berryman released their debut studio album, "Parachutes," in July 2000 under the name Coldplay.
The album featured the song "Yellow," which remains a fan-favorite.
The fourth book in the "Harry Potter" series, "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire," was released in July 2000.
Following the success of her three other books in the "Harry Potter" series, JK Rowling published her fourth book, "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire," in the summer of 2000.
In 2020, Screen Rant reported that the book has sold about 65 million copies, making it the second-most popular book in the series.
Twenty-five years since the book's release, the franchise is still extremely successful, with a film series, amusement rides at Universal Studios, a show on Broadway, and an upcoming TV series.
It's been 25 years since Julia Quinn released the first two books in the "Bridgerton" series, "The Duke and I" and "The Viscount Who Loved Me."
In the nearly 25 years since their release, Quinn's books have become the source material behind one of Netflix's most popular series to date: "Bridgerton."
"Erin Brockovich," starring Julia Roberts, came out in 2000.
"Erin Brockovich" is a biographical film about the real-life woman β played by Julia Roberts β who battled a California power company after it was accused of polluting a city's water. The film was nominated for five Academy Awards, including best picture. Roberts took home the Oscar for best actress.
The movie "Almost Famous" is turning 25.
"Almost Famous" became a cultural juggernaut when it came out in 2000. The movie follows a high schooler who's writing an article for Rolling Stone about a new rock band.
It features an all-star cast, including Kate Hudson, Billy Crudup, Frances McDormand, Anna Paquin, and Zooey Deschanel. The film went on to be nominated for four Academy Awards, but it only took home one for best original screenplay.
Christian Bale took on the iconic role of Patrick Bateman in "American Psycho," released in April 2000.
Twenty-five years ago, a then 26-year-old Christian Bale starred as Patrick Bateman, a banking exec who moonlights as a psychopathic killer, in "American Psycho." The movie quickly became a cult classic β in 2013, the film was even turned into a Broadway musical.
The first "Scary Movie" was released in July 2000.
In the summer of 2000, "Scary Movie" was released to parody the most popular horror films of the time, including "Scream," "Sixth Sense," and "The Blair Witch Project." It went on to be a success, launching Anna Faris' acting career and sparking multiple sequels.
In October 2024, Marlon, Shawn, and Keenan Wayans announced they're returning to the franchise for "Scary Movie 6."
It's been nearly 25 years since Russell Crowe played Maximus in Ridley Scott's "Gladiator."
In 2000, Russell Crowe starred as Maximus, a vengeful Roman general, in "Gladiator." The following year, the film was nominated 12 times at the Academy Awards, winning best picture. Crowe also took home the trophy for best actor.
Its sequel, "Gladiator II," was released in 2024 and starred Paul Mescal, Pedro Pascal, Joseph Quinn, and Denzel Washington.
In August 2000, "Bring It On" was released.
In 2000, Kirsten Dunst and Gabrielle Union starred as rival cheerleading captains Torrance and Isis in the hit teen movie "Bring It On."
The success of the film prompted several sequels in the following years.
"Survivor" made its debut in May 2000.
"Survivor" premiered on CBS on May 31, 2000. In the reality TV competition, strangers are placed in a remote and isolated location, then they have to find food and shelter, while also competing in challenges.
Each contestant is voted off the island one by one until there's only one standing survivor. That person wins $1 million. Over the last 25 years, "Survivor" has had 47 seasons, all of which have been hosted by Jeff Probst.
Another CBS show, "Big Brother," also debuted 25 years ago.
After "Survivor," CBS premiered another hit reality competition show in July 2000: "Big Brother."
The series follows a group of strangers who are forced to live together in a house while under constant surveillance. They compete in challenges and, in the end, one person wins $500,000.
Through the years, the show became increasingly popular, prompting spin-offs like "Celebrity Big Brother." So far, there have been 26 seasons, all hosted by Julie Chen Moonves.
2025 also marks the 25th anniversary of Jennifer Lopez's iconic sheer green Versace dress.
In a February 2024 "Life in Looks" interview with Vogue, Lopez said that her stylist at the time, Andrea Lieberman, asked her not to wear the dress.
"My stylist was like, 'Please don't wear it. Somebody else has worn it,''" Lopez said, adding, "I was like, 'Well, you bought it, and it looks the best, so I'm going to wear it.' And so I did. And it caused quite a stir."
Lopez isn't wrong β the world has her and that dress to thank for Google Image Search, according to former Google CEO Eric Schmidt.
It's also the 25th anniversary of the 2000 World Series β dubbed the "Subway Series" β as the Yankees took on the Mets.
Venus Williams will also celebrate the 25th anniversary of her first Wimbledon women's singles final win.
At just 20 years old, Venus Williams lifted the Wimbledon trophy for the first time in her career after defeating Lindsay Davenport.
Williams went on to win the Wimbledon singles' trophy four more times. She also has won six Wimbledon doubles titles.
It's been 25 years since the legendary 2000 presidential election, which ended with a Supreme Court case.
Twenty-five years later, it's easy to forget how close the 2000 presidential election was.
Democratic nominee Al Gore and Republican nominee George W. Bush went head to head, but on election night, it was unclear who won.
With the votes so close in Florida, the state ordered a recount. After a slew of legal fights around the recount in Florida, the Supreme Court decided that the initial results would be counted, giving Bush the election. He won by a .009% margin, or 537 votes.
The International Space Station is also celebrating a 25-year milestone: Its first live-in crew arrived in 2000.
Although President Ronald Reagan ordered NASA to build the International Space Station in 1984, it wasn't until 2000 that people actually lived on it.
Bill Shepherd, Yuri Gidzenko, and Sergei Krikalev became the first three to reside on the ISS and live there for several months. Since then, more than 270 people from over 20 countries have visited the ISS, according to NASA.
It became a box office sensation and won the best picture Oscar. Russell Crowe also won the best actor Oscar.
"Gladiator II," starring Denzel Washington and Paul Mescal, is now in theaters.
Ridley Scott's 2000 historical film "Gladiator" set the stage for its sequel to continue to captivate the box office today.
The original film follows Russell Crowe as Maximus Decimus Meridius, a Roman general betrayed by Commodus (Joaquin Phoenix), the son of the emperor, who kills Meridius' wife and child. Relegated to slavery, Meridius becomes a gladiator to seek his revenge.
The movie was one of the highest-grossing of 2000, taking in over $460 million worldwide and earning Crowe a best actor Oscar and a best picture win.
Twenty-four years after the movie's release, the sequel, "Gladiator II," starring Paul Mescal, Pedro Pascal, and Denzel Washington, is in theaters. On opening weekend, it hit $55.5 million in ticket sales and more than $1000 million worldwide.
Here, we look back on the cast from the original movie and where they are now.
Russell Crowe played the movie's lead, Maximus Decimus Meridius.
Maximus Decimus Meridius was the lead character in "Gladiator." At the movie's start, he's the general of a dominant army for the Roman empire and emperor Marcus Aurelius' successor to his throne. After Aurelius is murdered by his son, Commodus, Meridius is thrown into slavery, and his family is murdered. Meridius seeks out his revenge as a gladiator.
Crowe went on to become one of the biggest stars of the 2000s.
Crowe won the best actor Oscar for his performance as Maximus.
From there, the New Zealand-born actor would become one of the biggest movie stars of the 2000s, starring in acclaimed titles like "A Beautiful Mind," "Cinderella Man," and "American Gangster."
"I'm slightly uncomfortable with the fact they're making another one β because, of course, I'm dead, and I have no say in what gets done," Crowe said at the TK minute mark, referring to his Maximus character dying at the end of the first movie.
"But a couple of the things I've heard, I'm like β no, no, no, that's not in the moral journey of that particular character, but I can't say anything. It's not my place; I'm six foot under. So we'll see what that is like."
Joaquin Phoenix played the villain Commodus.
Commodus is the main villain in "Gladiator." He kills his father, Marcus Aurelius, after learning that he has decided to make Maximus Decimus Meridius his successor to the throne. He then takes full power of the Roman Empire.
Phoenix forged a successful acting career and scored an Oscar for 2019's "Joker."
Joaquin Phoenix received a best supporting actor Oscar nomination for "Gladiator."
Since the movie, Phoenix has forged a career filled with acclaimed work that often showcases his attraction to daring and challenging roles.
After starring in M. Night Shyamalan's blockbusters "Signs" and "The Village" and receiving a best actor Oscar nomination for the 2006 Johnny Cash biopic "Walk the Line," Phoenix focused more on unique projects during the 2010s.
Phoenix was Oscar-nominated for his performance in Paul Thomas Anderson's 2012 drama "The Master." He also found acclaim for playing a lonely guy who falls in love with an operating system in 2013's "Her."
Phoenix would win an Oscar for the 2019 movie "Joker," in which he played the beloved DC Comics villain in a movie that gave the comic book genre a more dramatic feel. The movie would become one of the highest-grossing R-rated movies of all time. It'd later be beaten by 2024's "Deadpool & Wolverine."
Since then, Phoenix's received praise for performances in indie films like "C'mon C'mon" and "Beau Is Afraid." However, he got mixed reactions for playing Napoleon Bonaparte in "Gladiator" director Ridley Scott's biopic on the French military commander, "Napoleon," and the "Joker" sequel, "Joker: Folie Γ Deux," which was a box office bust.
Connie Nielsen played Commodus' sister, Lucilla.
She is Marcus Aurelius' oldest child. Throughout the movie, she fights off the incestuous advances of her brother, Commodus. She is also the mother of Lucius.
Nielsen is one of the few original actors who returned for the sequel.
At that point in her career, "Gladiator" was the biggest hit the Danish actor had starred in.
She went on to star in the 2002 thriller "One Hour Photo" opposite Robin Williams and the 2013 Lars von Trier erotic drama "Nymphomaniac."
In 2017, she landed a role in another box office hit by playing Queen Hippolyta in "Wonder Woman." Later that year, she would reprise the role in "Justice League" and 2020's "Wonder Woman 1984."
She returns as Lucilla in "Gladiator II."
Oliver Reed played gladiator trainer Antonius Proximo.
The gruff gladiator trainer buys Meridius and turns him into a gladiator worthy of fighting in Rome.
Reed died while filming "Gladiator."
Reed was one of the most acclaimed actors of his era. He was known for playing macho roles in movies from the 1960s and 1970s, such as "Oliver!" "The Three Musketeers," and "Tommy."
Reed died in 1999 while filming "Gladiator." Known for his heavy drinking, his hard-partying reputation led to his passing.
During a break from filming in Malta, Reed encountered officers from the Royal Navy on shore leave at a bar who challenged the actor to a drinking contest.
"He dropped down dead in the floor of a pub," Scott told Variety in 2020 for an oral history of the movie. "He probably had a couple of pints and said, 'I don't feel good,' laid on the carpet and died."
According to the Variety oral history, Reed had promised Scott he wouldn't drink while shooting, leading to the 61-year-old actor drinking on the weekends.
His official cause of death was a heart attack.
Djimon Hounsou played Meridius' friend, Jaba.
Jaba is the gladiator who befriends Meridius.
Hounsou has been working consistently since "Gladiator."
Three years before "Gladiator" opened in theaters, Hounsou landed his big break when Steven Spielberg cast him as the lead in his 1997 drama "Amistad."
Following the success of "Gladiator," Hounsou continued to land steady work, highlighted by costarring opposite Leonardo DiCaprio in the 2006 thriller "Blood Diamond," for which he received an Oscar nomination.
Since then, he's played Korath the Pursuer in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, was The Wizard in "Black Adam" and the "Shazam!' movies, and most recently starred in Netflix's "Rebel Moon" movies as General Titus.
Richard Harris played the Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius.
The Roman emperor whose decision to make Meridius his successor leads to his power-hungry son killing him.
The legendary actor went on to play Dumbledore in the "Harry Potter" movies.
Like Reed, Richard Harris was a legend on the screen.
The Irish actor was a star from the late 1960s through the 1980s. He played various roles, from King Arthur in the 1967 musical "Camelot" to an English aristocrat in the 1970s Western "A Man Called Horse." Harris' talents made him not just a box office draw but a beloved actor of critics.
Along with receiving two Oscar nominations over his career (1963's "The Sporting Life" and 1990's "The Field"), Harris also won a Grammy in 1968 for his rendition of "MacArthur Park."
For many, he's best known for the role he took a year after "Gladiator." He played Professor Albus Dumbledore in "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone" and "Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets."
The latter would mark his final role before his 2002 death. Michael Gambon would take over the role in the acclaimed series.
Ralf Moeller played the intimidating gladiator Hagen.
Proximo's chief gladiator who befriends Meridius and Jaba.
"Gladiator" marked a career-high for Moeller.
Moeller began bodybuilding at 17 and was the German national champion in 1984.
He turned to acting four years later and quickly found work in Jean-Claude Van Damme's action movies "Cyborg" and "Universal Soldier."
Moeller would follow "Gladiator" by starring opposite Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson in 2002's "The Scorpion King."
Since then he's starred in a bevy of B-level action movies.
Tommy Flanagan played Meridius' loyal servant, Cicero.
The loyal servant of Meridius is killed while trying to help him.
Flanagan is usually cast in tough guy roles.
This Scottish actor often gets cast in tough guy roles due to the scars on his face, the result of a knife fight he got into while working as a DJ before his acting career took off.
His first movie role was in Mel Gibson's 1995 epic "Braveheart." He also starred in "Face/Off" and "The Game" before landing the Cicero role in "Gladiator."
Since then, he's starred in "Sin City," "Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2," but is most remembered for playing Filip "Chibs" Telford on the hit FX series "Sons of Anarchy."
Tomas Arana plays Quintus, the commander who turns on Meridius.
A Roman army commander who betrays Meridius (though comes around to be back on his side at the movie's end).
Arana has always had a knack for playing the bad guy.
Arana has made a career of playing the bad guy onscreen.
From "The Hunt for Red October" to "The Bodyguard," that dastardly stare has made him perfect for the villain role.
Since "Gladiator," he's starred in smaller roles in "The Bourne Supremacy," "The Dark Knight Rises," and "Guardians of the Galaxy."
Derek Jacobi plays Gracchus, the Roman senator who tries to help Meridius.
The Roman senator opposes Commodus' rule and tries to free Meridius from slavery.
Jacobi has been a fixture in period movies for years.
Jacobi has an esteemed career on the stage and screen, leading to him receiving two Emmys, a Tony, and a knighthood from Queen Elizabeth in 1994.
Since "Gladiator," he's been one of the go-to British actors whenever Hollywood produces period movies, starring in "Gosford Park" to "The King's Speech."
He reprises his role in "Gladiator II."
Spencer Treat Clark plays Lucilla's son, Lucius.
Lucius, the son of Lucilla, idolizes Meridius.
Clark is being a good sport about Mescal being cast as Lucius in "Gladiator II."
The year 2000 was a breakout one for Clark. The same year he played Lucius opposite Russell Crowe in "Gladiator," he was also seen alongside Bruce Willis as his onscreen son in the M. Night Shyamalan thriller "Unbreakable."
Since then, he's starred in TV shows such as "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D," "Animal Kingdom," and "Manhunt." He also returned for the "Unbreakable" sequel, 2019's "Glass."
When word about a "Gladiator" sequel came out, which focused on the Lucius character now all grown up, some online questioned why Mescal was taking over the role and not Clark.
Scott addressed the recasting in a 2023 interview with Deadline on why Mescal, who became a hot commodity in Hollywood after starring in the 2020 series "Normal People," was right for the Lucius role.
"I'm always looking for someone, something new and fresh," he told the trade. "I mean, fresh is terribly important. So they're not carrying β¦ baggage is a terrible word for what they've done before because it's great stuff, but you will remember he just did this character already."
Clark, who is now 37, is taking all this in stride. In an interview with People in October, he fully supported Mescal.
"The movie looks so good, and Paul's going to do such a great job," he said. "I've actually heard great things about the movie."
"Gladiator II" introduces Paul Mescal as Lucius, the son of Maximus (Russell Crowe).
In the original "Gladiator" movie, the younger Lucius was played by Spencer Treat Clark.
Here's why Clark doesn't reprise the role in "Gladiator II."
"Gladiator II" finally arrived on November 22, but fans are still wondering why Paul Mescal plays the slave fighter Lucius, instead of Spencer Treat Clark, who played him in the original movie.
Ridley Scott's "Gladiator" starred Russell Crowe as Maximus Decimus Meridius, a former Roman general who is betrayed and sold into slavery. Lucius, the heir to the Roman Empire, watches Maximus fight in the Colosseum.
Lucius disappeared after the events of the original movie and forged a new life for himself. But like Maximus, he's forced into becoming a fighter when he's captured by General Marcus Acacius (Pedro Pascal) and his soldiers.
It's not surprising that Scott cast Mescal as Lucius for the sequel considering the Irish actor has become a rising star after his critically acclaimed performances in"Normal People," "Aftersun," and "All of Us Strangers."
But "Gladiator" fans on social media have saidit's odd that Scott didn't ask Clark to reprise the role since he's still working as an actor.
Scott said he needed someone younger to play Lucius in "Gladiator II"
Clark, who is now 36 years old, also played Joseph Dunn in "Unbreakable" opposite Bruce Willis β a role he later reprised in 2019's "Glass." And he's appeared in several TV shows, including "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D," "Animal Kingdom," and "Manhunt."
Last November, Scott told Deadline that he wanted to cast a younger actor to play Lucius in "Gladiator II" and that he was impressed by Mescal, who is 28, in "Normal People."
"I'm always looking for someone, something new and fresh. I mean, fresh is terribly important," Scott said. "So they're not carrying β¦ baggage is a terrible word for what they've done before, because it's great stuff, but you will remember he just did this character already.
"I watched this show called 'Normal People.' It's unusual for me, but I saw one and thought, that's interesting. These actors are really good I watched the whole goddamn show and thought, damn."
He added, "So this came up at a time when I need a 23-year-old, 24-year-old to take up the mantle of Lucius. And I just said, 'You want to do it?' He said, 'Yeah.'"
Spencer Treat Clark says he's "excited" to see "Gladiator II"
Speaking to People ahead of the HBO Max horror remake, "Salem's Lot," Clark explained that he holds no ill will against Scott or Mescal for replacing him as Lucius in "Gladiator II.
"The movie looks so good, and Paul's going to do such a great job. I've actually heard great things about the movie... I feel like it was 25 years ago, but for some people, seeing me as an adult and being like, 'Oh my God, you're right. You were Lucius in Gladiator,' is so wild," He said.
"But I'm really excited to see the movie and to see what Paul brings to it. And yeah, it comes out soon. So I'm excited for it."
"Gladiator II" picks up a few decadesΒ after Ridley Scott's 2000 film, which starred Russell Crowe and Joaquin Phoenix. Long after general-turned-gladiator Maximus Decimus Meridius (Crowe) and Emperor Commodus (Phoenix) killed each other in battle, long-lost heir Lucius returns to Rome as a gladiator after the empire conquers his new home, Numidia.
Compared to his appearance in the first film, Lucius is a bit difficult to recognize. For one, he's no longer a child. More importantly, however, his time away from Rome has fostered a deep resentment toward the empire β and a desire to turn away from his lineage as the son of Empress Lucilla (Connie Nielsen, who reprises her role in the new film).
Here's what you need to know about Lucius, and how Mescal's storyline in "Gladiator II" connects to the first film.
Lucius is a child in the 2000 film 'Gladiator'
In the first "Gladiator," Rome falls to chaos after emperor Marcus Aurelius appoints Maximus, one of his generals, as his successor instead of his son, Commodus. In turn, Commodus kills his father, and does the same to Maximus' family when the general refuses to swear loyalty to him. Maximus ends up enslaved and eventually winds up fighting for his freedom at the Colosseum as a gladiator.
While in Rome, Maximus learns that his former soldiers are still loyal to him. Working with Lucilla, Commodus' sister, they attempt to plan a coup to remove Commodus from power. Unfortunately, Commodus finds out about it (more on that later), quashes the plan, and challenges Maximus to a duel. Despite Commodus stabbing Maximus before the fight, Maximus defeats him but succumbs to his wounds.
In the first film, Lucius (played by Spencer Treat Clark) is introduced as Lucilla's young son and the heir to the throne. He and Maximus briefly meet: Lucius gleefully inquires about Maximus' combat abilities, and tells Maximus that he'll cheer for him in the games. Lucius also tells Maximus that he was named after his father, who is dead.
Later in the film, however, Lucius playfully spars with his uncle Commodus and pretends to be "Maximus, the savior of Rome." The epithet clues Commodus into Maximus and Lucilla's plan, and after stopping Maximus' escape, he threatens Lucilla with Lucius' life so that she will provide him with an heir of his own.
At the end of the film, when Maximus is on the edge of death, he tells Lucilla that Lucius is safe, presumably from Commodus. Lucius looks on as Maximus dies.
'Gladiator II' clarifiesΒ Lucius' backstory
"Gladiator II" takes Lucius from boy to haggard man, filling in the gaps in his life after the events of the first film.
As the sequel recounts, Lucilla sent Lucius out of the city after Maximus and Commodus' deaths to keep him safe. Eventually, he found a home in the North African kingdom of Numidia, where he settled in with a wife and took a new name. After Rome conquers the kingdom under the command of General Marcus Acacius (Pedro Pascal), Lucius gets taken back as a slave. Eventually, Macrinus (Denzel Washington) acquires him as a gladiator.
Once he arrives in Rome βΒ and crucially, after he crosses paths with his mother Lucilla β Lucius gradually begins to accept his royal heritage again. He also learns that his true father was Maximus, the legendary gladiator who fought in the same ring.
"Gladiator II" includes a few glimpses of the original film, including Spencer Treat Clark as young Lucius, to hammer down the connection. By the end of the film, Lucius has donned Maximus' armor and acknowledged his birthright as an heir to Rome. He proclaims his intent to reclaim it for the people, similar to Maximus' mission to turn the empire into a republic in the first film.
The ending of "Gladiator II" pays homage to Russell Crowe's character in "Gladiator."
The new sequel has many parallels with the first film.
Here's what to know about the conclusion to the film and why there may be another sequel.
"Gladiator II" doesn't end on a cliffhanger, but there may still be room for another sequel.
The new movie battles with "Wicked" for the top spot at the box office this week after both films premiered in the US on the same day.
Scott, who directed the first two movies, told Total Film in October that he had started a script. "I've already got eight pages. I've got the beginning of a very good footprint," Scott said.
Spoilers ahead for "Gladiator" and "Gladiator II."
'Gladiator II' replicates many beats from the first film.
The first film, which premiered in 2000 and won 5 Oscars, followed a Maximus Decimus Meridius (Russell Crowe), an honorable Roman general whose wife and child are killed when a new emperor takes power.
After becoming a highly favored gladiator, Maximus takes part in a failed coup to turn Rome into a democracy. When this fails, the emperor mortally wounds Maximus and challenges him in the Colosseum, where they both die.
As Maximus is dying, he encourages the people to follow the dream of the old emperor, Marcus Aurelius.
Lucilla (Connie Nielsen), Aurelius' daughter, then gives a rousing speech that Maximus' death should not be in vain.
Rome is still a mess in "Gladiator II," set 16 years after the first film.
The sequel replicates many of the first film's beats, with a few new developments.
Instead of one tyrannical emperor, there are twins: Caracalla (Fred Hechinger) and Geta (Joseph Quinn).
But the real twist is that both antagonists are killed by the real villain, Marcinus (Denzel Washington), a power broker who breeds chaos to take over Rome.
Marcus Acacius (Pedro Pascal), the new lead general and Lucilla's new husband, organizes a coup against the emperors, as Maximus did.
Like in the first film, the coup is cut short, and Acacius is killed in the Colosseum.
The sequel's protagonist is Lucilla's son, Lucius (Paul Mescal). After the first film, Lucilla sends her son beyond the empire for his own safety, which makes him hate Rome and his mother.
At the film's beginning, Rome attacks Lucius' new home. He is captured, becomes a gladiator, and learns from his mother that his father was Maximus.
Lucius eventually accepts his role as a leader when he hears his mother will be executed for her part in Acacius' coup. He sends a messenger to Acacius' militia to storm Rome and leads a group of gladiators to break from their prison and try to save Lucilla.
The gladiators overpower the Roman guards, but Marcinus kills Lucilla before riding out of the Colosseum to face Acacius' militia with his own army. Lucius gives chase and defeats Marcinus before the two armies can attack each other.
Lucius then wins over both armies with an inspirational speech about how he will rebuild Rome just as father, Maximus, and grandfather, Aurelius, would have wanted.
The hero will stay alive this time to ensure Rome is restored to glory.
There is a small homage to Maximus' death scene at the end.
In the final scene of the sequel, Lucius returns to the Colosseum to see where his mother died and mourn his fallen loved ones.
Calling back to Maximus and Lucius' favorite ritual, Lucius picks up dirt on the ground, looks up to the heavens, and asks his father for advice. Then, there is a brief shot of a hand touching a wheat field before the movie ends.
It is unclear if the clip was footage re-used from the old film, or if it was shot again.
It is an ambiguous ending, but suggests Maximus' spirit is still around to help Lucius.
Fans of the first film may remember that wheat fields in the first film symbolized the afterlife. Throughout the film, the audience sees glimpses of this wheatfield, and when Maximus dies, we see him fully in the field, walking to his wife and child.
Since Lucius is still alive and seemingly the new emperor of Rome, a third film could explore his attempts to save Rome and the new villains who will rise to stop him.
Mescal told Variety last week at the London premiere of "Gladiator II" that he would be "massively down" to appear in the next sequel.