• Trump's mass deportation plan could strain retirees' wallets.
• Immigrants in the country illegally pay taxes that support Social Security and Medicare but don't receive their benefits.
• Deportations could also increase healthcare costs and shrink the industry's workforce.

President Donald Trump's immigration policies could hurt retirees' wallets and make it harder for them to access healthcare.

Trump said his immigration crackdown would improve the economy and boost American jobs. However, some economists and financial researchers told Business Insider that dramatically reducing the immigrant workforce could drain Social Security and Medicare tax funding, spike housing costs, and contribute to broader inflation.

This comes as America's 65-and-older population is growing, and the birthrate isn't keeping up, meaning that the number of working-age taxpayers may not be able to support the growing demand for retirement benefits without population increases from continued immigration.

Trump's mass deportation plan aims to remove millions of immigrants living in the US illegally. On January 20, Trump declared a national emergency, allowing him to use Pentagon resources for the deportation efforts. He also has begun efforts to limit immigration at the US-Mexico border, and the federal government is reportedly planning to carry out deportation raids this week in major cities.

Trump's press team did not respond for comment by the time of publication.

We want to hear from you. Are you an older American comfortable sharing your retirement outlook with a reporter? Please fill out this quick form.

Mass deportations could strain Social Security and Medicare funding

Millions of Americans who rely on Social Security checks — which average $1,976 monthly — may face lower payments in the next decade if the Trump administration carries out large-scale deportations. Some economists told BI deportations could reduce Social Security funding because immigrants living in the US illegally pay the payroll taxes that fund Social Security while being ineligible to receive benefits.

Deportations could reduce the program's cash flow by $20 billion annually, per an actuarial estimate provided to BI by the Social Security Administration. While a small part of the roughly $1 trillion in benefits paid out a year, this could exacerbate an already dwindling Social Security fund set to dry up by the mid-2030s.

The left-leaning Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy determined immigrants living in the US illegally paid $25.7 billion in Social Security taxes in 2022. Additionally, the same group paid $6.4 billion in Medicare taxes that year but is not eligible for the benefits.

Deportations are likely to reduce healthcare options

Deportations could disrupt healthcare operations nationwide and drive up costs, and this would heavily impact older Americans.

Using 2021 Census Bureau data, the think tank Migration Policy Institute calculated that around 30% of the nearly 2.8 million immigrant workers in healthcare are not naturalized citizens, which includes legal permanent residents, people with temporary status, and those living in the US illegally.

A reduction in staff could come when the US needs more people in the field. The National Center for Health Workforce projected in November that demand for direct care workers — such as home health aides — and long-term care nurses could rise by 39% between 2022 and 2037, or nearly a million workers. Growth in demand for these roles is driven by the aging population and increasing longevity.

Older Americans would be disproportionately affected by rising healthcare prices. 2023 data from the Consumer Expenditure Surveys shows Americans 65 and older spent an average of about $8,027 per household on healthcare in 2023, more than any other age group, per 2023 data from the Consumer Expenditure Surveys.

To be sure, some conservative think tanks have argued that deportations could save the US money on reduced services for immigrants, such as welfare for older Americans.

Deportations could ding older Americans' budgets

Beyond impacting the retirement system, mass deportations could make everyday costs more expensive, especially for older Americans. Baby boomers were among the hardest hit by inflation in 2023, thanks to the generation's higher spending on healthcare and insurance, per a December report by Wells Fargo.

The housing market could also be rocked by deportations. Nearly a quarter of the construction labor force is living in the US illegally, per an analysis of 2018 and 2019 Census data from the Center for American Progress. For older adults, a reduction in the number of construction workers could make it more costly to repair their existing homes or downsize into smaller retirement housing. This comes as many baby boomers who own homes can't afford rising home repair costs, insurance premiums, and property taxes.

• Donald Trump took the stage virtually at the World Economic Forum in Davos on Thursday.
• He made a series of promises and threats about corporate tax rates, tariffs, and more.
• He also criticized Europe over its lawsuits against Meta and Google.

President Donald Trump is back, and he's making sure the whole world knows it.

Trump's virtual appearance at the annual World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, was full of promises, along with threats directed at CEOs, banks, and Europe more broadly.

Trump said his message to businesses worldwide was simple: Build in America or pay up.

"If you don't make your product in America, which is your prerogative, then very simply, you will have to pay a tariff," he said.

The president has threatened to impose a 25% tariff on goods from Canada and Mexico, which he said could begin as early as February 1. Trump had proposed a 60% tariff on China during his presidential campaign, but he said earlier this week he was considering a 10% tariff on goods from the country.

Trump said he hopes the tariffs will incentivize both domestic and foreign companies to manufacture goods in the United States because "other nations take advantage of the US." He also sees tariffs as a means to pay down the national debt, lower inflation, and create jobs.

"Under the Trump administration, there will be no better place on earth to create jobs or build factories than right here in the USA," Trump said.

Still, some economists have told BI that tariffs on goods like cars, food products, and medicine could force companies to raise prices for Americans.

For those companies that do end up moving production to US shores, Trump offered a bottom-dollar tax deal of 15%, which he described as the lowest rate of any large country.

"My message to every business in the world is very simple: Make your product in America," Trump said. "We will do the low taxes. We're bringing them down very substantially even from the original Trump tax cuts."

In renegotiating trade deals with China and the EU, Trump said he's not looking for "phenomenal," just "fair."

He also criticized the EU's regulatory enforcement actions against tech giants like Apple, Google, and Meta (who were major donors to his inauguration and whose CEOs were prominent guests), saying the fines are a form of unfair taxation.

"Whether you like them or not, they're American companies, and they shouldn't be doing that," he said.

Brian Moynihan, the CEO of Bank of America, asked about how his administration would balance his many executive orders with continuing GDP growth and bringing inflation down.

"I think it's going to actually bring down inflation. It's going to bring up jobs," Trump responded, adding he would work to bring down the corporate tax rate from 21% to 15% if companies make their products in the United States.

"The 15% is about as low as it gets and by far the lowest of a large country," Trump said, adding it would "create a tremendous buzz." He added that he brought the corporate tax rate down from 40% to 21% in his first term. (The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 cut corporate taxes from 35% to 21%.)

The president also called out big banks, accusing them of discriminating against conservatives.

"Many conservatives complain that the banks are not allowing them to do business within the bank, and that included a place called Bank of America," he said. "I hope you're going to open your banks to conservatives because what you're doing is wrong."

In a public statement, Bank of America said it "welcomes conservatives" and would "never close accounts for political reasons and don't have a political litmus test."

The president also thanked Saudi Arabia after it announced it would invest $600 billion in the US, but Trump added he would ask for more.

"It's also reported today in the papers that Saudi Arabia will be investing at least $600 billion in America. But I'll be asking the crown prince, who's a fantastic guy, to round it out to around $1 trillion," Trump said, referring to Saudi Arabia's ruler, Mohammed bin Salman. "I think they'll do that because we've been very good to them."

"I'm also going to ask Saudi Arabia and OPEC to bring down the cost of oil."

He said that Saudi Arabia didn't "show a lot of love" by not lowering the price of oil already, which he said would have the added benefit of ending the Russia-Ukraine war "immediately."

"You got to bring down the oil price. You got to end that war," he said. "With oil prices going down, I'll demand that interest rates drop immediately. And likewise, they should be dropping all over the world. Interest rates should follow us."

At that, Steve Schwarzman, the CEO of Blackstone Group, said: "I'm sure the crown prince of Saudi Arabia will be really glad you gave this speech today."

"I wish I saved more for retirement." "I regret taking Social Security too early." "I should have had better health insurance." "I would tell my younger self to take that vacation."

These are among the common regrets described by the more than 3,800 older Americans who since mid-September have responded to Business Insider's informal, nonrepresentative surveys and emailed reporters. Reporters wrote 17 stories, including four in-depth profiles, and created a video detailing six Americans' regrets.

By mid-October, more than 1,000 people had completed the initial survey; that figure grew to more than 1,700 by the end of November. Now the survey has over 2,500 responses. By December, reporters had received roughly 1,000 emails in response to the coverage. We also used more than 300 responses from a survey that asked people over 50 about their regrets as they struggled to find work and interviewed more than 100 older Americans as well as financial planners and retirement researchers.

_{Article credits
Reporters: Noah Sheidlower, Allie Kelly
Editors: Bartie Scott, Emily Canal, Andy Kiersz, Jamie Heller
Copy Editors: Jonann Brady, Emma LeGault, Nick Siwek, Kevin Kaplan
Design and Art: Jenny Chang-Rodriguez, Rebecca Zisser, Isabel Fernandez-Pujol, Derek French, Natalie Ammari, Bryan Erickson
Photographers: Laura McDermott, Rita Harper, Saul Martinez
Video credits
Producers: Sarah Andersen, Barbara Corbellini Duarte
Reporters: Noah Sheidlower, Allie Kelly
Videographers: Brian Hansen, Clancy Morgan, Austin Meyer, Gregory Neiser
Video Editors: Mark Adam Miller, Karim Islam
Motion Designer: Dorian Barranco
Copy Editors: Mark Abadi, Marisa Frey
Deputy Executive Producer: Havovi Cooper
Executive Producer: Barbara Corbellini Duarte
Head of Video: Erica Berenstein}

• Business Insider heard from more than 3,800 older Americans about their life regrets.
• In a video, six people shared their stories and described what they wished they'd done differently.
• Their regrets included retiring too early, not investing aggressively, and letting go of property.

What would you say to your younger self? Six older Americans asked themselves this question and wrote letters for a Business Insider video.

They're a small sampling of the more than 3,800 older Americans who have shared their life regrets in the past three months through reader surveys and emails to reporters. See our full list of stories.

Their letters highlight what they would have done differently and what they're proud of. A former healthcare worker said she wished she had advocated more for herself at work. A truck driver said he shouldn't have sold his home. A health librarian described letting investment opportunities pass. A manager said she retired too early. And a couple said they wished they had prioritized their passions and saved more cautiously.

Scroll down to meet each person and read their full letters.

We want to hear from you. Are you an older American with any life regrets you'd be comfortable sharing with a reporter? Please fill out this quick form.

Hank Faber, 77

Faber, a truck driver in Indiana, said he regretted leaving his farm, which he estimates is now worth over $1 million; piling up debt; not preparing financially for health challenges; and not building a large nest egg for retirement.

He said that while he doesn't expect to retire soon, he's thankful that he kept playing music and found a career he enjoys.

Anita Clemons Swanagan, 59

Swanagan, who held various positions in prisons and hospitals, said she regretted offering too much financial assistance to friends, not prioritizing her health earlier in life, and not advocating for herself to get paid more.

Still, the Illinois resident said she was proud of herself for returning to work after the first of her two strokes, raising her three daughters, and staying positive about the future.

Nancy Seeger, 64

Seeger, a health librarian in Ohio, said she wished she had taken the time to learn investment strategies earlier in life, opened a Roth IRA earlier in her career, and shifted careers sooner.

But she also said she made many smart decisions, including securing good health insurance before her cancer diagnosis and starting a freelance writing gig after navigating a recent layoff.

Misty Miller, 65

Miller, a staff services manager in California, said she regretted retiring too early, overspending in the first year of her retirement, and cashing out her 401(k). But she said that staying connected with many people in her life and continuing to work had kept her positive.

Steve Dacus, 67, and Mary Dacus, 69

Steve Dacus, a retired salesman, and Mary Dacus, a retired secretary, both said they wished they had pursued careers they were passionate about, worked longer before retiring, and been more cautious about saving.

The couple, who live in rural Illinois, said they were proud that they took care of their parents and were looking forward to getting out of their home and moving to a different community.

• More than 3,400 older Americans have shared their financial and other regrets with Business Insider.
• Some older adults reflected on how parenthood shaped their finances.
• This is part of an ongoing series about older Americans' regrets.

For many people, raising children is the most fulfilling aspect of their lives. But dozens of older US parents told Business Insider that knowing what they know now, they might have made different financial decisions.

Since mid-September, over 3,400 Americans ages 48 to 96 have responded to Business Insider reader surveys or emailed reporters about their life regrets. One survey included the question "What advice would you give someone trying to decide when — or if — they have children?"

Hundreds of respondents said they had children when they were too young and financially unstable, delayed their career to raise a family, or spent too much or too little on their kids. Many said their decisions as young parents had lasting effects. Though many more mothers shared their parenting regrets than fathers, both shared very similar parenting regrets.

It's not all bad, though. Many parents said their financial and professional sacrifices were worth it to build strong relationships with their children. Others said that they did the best they could but that some parenting costs were unavoidable.

All of them stressed that despite having some financial or professional regrets, they love their children and had few regrets about how they raised them.

BI identified five common financial parenting regrets and interviewed seven parents. This story is part of an ongoing series.

We want to hear from you. Are you an older American with any life regrets you'd be comfortable sharing with a reporter? Please fill out this quick form.

Some parents wish they'd waited to have children until their careers were more established

Many respondents said they wished they had waited to have a baby until they were more financially stable. The high costs of childcare and housing made it difficult for some parents to set aside savings for emergencies or retirement, especially early in their careers. An analysis by Northwestern Mutual last year found that the average cost to raise a child until age 18 was about $300,000.

Judy Taylor, 72, told BI she loves her children but regretted having them in her early 20s. Taylor, who lives in Georgia, said she and her husband weren't established enough professionally to afford children and build savings for retirement. When they divorced after 16 years, Taylor shouldered additional costs as a single parent.

Taylor said she had little savings left and relied on slightly over $2,000 in monthly Social Security. If she missed a check, she'd be "dead in the water," she said.

"Babies are so precious," Taylor said. "But having another life to be responsible for can be overwhelming. Just be sure you're ready for that."

Jessica Douieb, the head of wealth partners at JPMorgan, advised that families build a wealth plan focused on short- and long-term goals that factors in education, tax planning, cash-flow management, investments, charitable giving, insurance, and estate planning.

"A frequent misstep is failing to plan for the long term," Douieb said. "In many cases, having children can delay retirement, requiring parents to work longer to support their children, which can affect financial security in later years."

Roxanne Lewis, 61, a mental-health case manager, relied on child support and food stamps to pay her bills as a single mother, though she later remarried and held stable jobs. She said she wished she'd had a nest egg and an established career before having the first of her seven children.

"When I was younger, I didn't think about retirement," Lewis said. "It was mainly about getting the bills paid, making sure the children had clothes and food. It wasn't even a thought in my mind, and nobody had ever mentioned it."

Lewis, who lives in East Texas, said she didn't often speak with them about retirement savings. She intends to work until 67, and while her finances improved after a raise in 2022, she's worried about how retirement may look with a few thousand dollars in the bank.

"I wish that I spent more time with my kids," Lewis said. "Money was a big thing for me, focusing on having enough money so they had what they needed, so I was always stressed."

Some said they spent too much on their children

A few dozen respondents said that while they felt that many of their financial investments in their children were worth it, they regretted spoiling their children — such as buying them a car when finances were tight — or not encouraging them to become financially independent. A few said they were burdened by letting their children live with them after college or stay on their insurance plans.

Douieb said parents who want to be generous with their children should prioritize nurturing their confidence and self-esteem over materially rewarding them.

"I cannot emphasize enough the importance of having ongoing, open discussions about money, reinforcing values like responsibility and self-sufficiency," Douieb said. "When they reach the right age, teaching children about saving, investing, and planning can help them become financially literate and independent, which will help them in the long run."

Some divorced parents described the financial toll of raising children alone or with limited support

Several respondents said divorce and single parenting affected their retirement plans. Some said they struggled to support a family without a second income or with limited child support, while others said being a stay-at-home parent meant they didn't have much savings after a divorce.

A BI analysis of 2023 individual-level census data found that divorced people had lower average 401(k) balances, less savings, and a more limited monthly retirement income than married people. It also found that just 38% of divorced people had a retirement account.

Nina Teasley, 65, lives on less than $2,000 in Social Security in Bethesda, Maryland. Teasley, a mom of four, was a stay-at-home mom for most of her adult life but divorced about 25 years ago. Though Teasley's children are now adults, she said she still felt the financial impact of her divorce.

Teasley said that while being so present in her children's lives was wonderful, she had no savings or retirement plan. When she and her husband split, Teasley took a customer-service job to support herself and her children, but the income wasn't enough to build a nest egg. Now Teasley isn't sure she can fully retire and worries about becoming a financial burden on her adult children.

"I thought I would be married forever," Teasley said. "I married a man who wanted to take care of me and the kids. But I wish I had not let that be. I wish I had decided to go to work and stay at work."

Michelle Patello, a vice president and wealth-management advisor at TIAA, said that there isn't one single approach to raising children after a divorce and that splitting expenses equally isn't always the answer.

"It's important to consider the different income levels when splitting costs," she said.

Some said they regretted being stay-at-home parents

The Pew Research Center found in 2023 that about four in five stay-at-home parents were women. Spending time outside the workforce to raise children meant many moms had less income to build savings and lower Social Security checks.

Older Americans' monthly Social Security income is based on the years they spent in the workforce. Stay-at-home parents' time spent raising children isn't counted toward their retirement benefit.

Wendy DeBord, 73, said she returned to work too late after having her children. DeBord, who lives in Toledo, Ohio, had her first child at 23 and had two more by 28. For 12 years she was a stay-at-home mom and ran a day care at her house. At 45, with little work experience, she took a job as a receptionist at an orthodontist's office. She worked her way up to becoming a public-relations coordinator.

"When I entered the workforce at age 45, I had to start on the bottom rung, so I barely made it to the middle of the ladder by age 70," DeBord said, adding she had a divorce at 50 that hurt her retirement planning.

She said that staying home with her children still felt like the right move, and she cherished watching them grow up. But she said that she started building her 401(k) late and that she reached $300,000 in savings, which she described as sufficient, at 70. She gets about $2,000 monthly in Social Security, which she claimed at 70.

Douieb stressed that stay-at-home-parenting considerations go beyond a parent's finances.

"A child's financial future will be more determined by instilling strong values around money management and savings from an early age," Douieb said. "Parents can create a nurturing environment where financial literacy is emphasized, teaching children the importance of budgeting, investing, and responsible spending."

Adults without children have regrets, too

Though many older parents said they regretted how they handled finances while raising a family, few said they regretted having children. "Every parent wants their child to have a better life than they did — he is the one thing I did right," one survey respondent wrote.

Others said they were happily child-free. "I have no children and no regrets," one person said.

Christopher Gilbert, 61, said he helped raise his nephew but might have been more fulfilled if he had raised children of his own, even with the financial burden. He said he couldn't start a family because of laws banning same-sex marriage, which became fully legal in the US in 2015.

Now gay people "can get married and have kids," Gilbert said, "but that came a little bit late for me."

Gilbert, who lives in Bradenton, Florida, said that while he had some retirement savings, he planned to work his job at a convenience store for as long as possible because it keeps him active and social.

Patello said that Americans should proactively plan for retirement regardless of whether they're parents. "The earlier, the better," Patello said. Even reducing your contributions but continuing to save can make all the difference for you and your family."

Are you an older American with any life regrets you'd be comfortable sharing with a reporter? Please fill out this quick form.