Nautilus, which was commissioned in 1954, hosted the first-ever underwater legislative meeting when 13 members of Congress rode Nautilus in 1955.

Its nuclear power allowed Nautilus to sail under the polar ice cap and become the first ship to traverse the North Pole in 1958 in an expedition known as Operation Sunshine.

Nautilus also participated in the naval blockade of Cuba during the Cuban missile crisis in 1962.

After 26 years of service, Nautilus was decommissioned in 1980 and recognized as a National Historic Landmark in 1982. It opened to the public as part of the Submarine Force Museum in Groton, Connecticut, in 1986.

In 2021, Nautilus underwent $36 million of preservation work and reopened in 2022.

The Submarine Force Museum is open Wednesday through Monday and is free to visit.

I was amazed by the size of the submarine. As I climbed aboard, the deck provided gorgeous views of the Thames River.

Here, crew members loaded torpedoes for firing.

After the torpedoes were loaded, the tubes were flooded with water. When the command to fire was issued, high-pressure air from the submarine's ejection pump then forced the water and the torpedoes out of the tubes.

Signs on the sink and mirror indicated that they were part of the submarine's original equipment.

Handles on top of the doorways provided a grip to hold on to while stepping through.

Nautilus had a crew of 11 officers and 105 enlisted service members.

A panel of instruments along the wardroom's wall indicated Nautilus' depth and speed.

Officers ate the same meals as the rest of the crew members, but their food was brought up to the officers' pantry via a dumbwaiter to be reheated and served on Navy china.

The walls of the narrow hallway were covered in wood paneling.

The book was gifted to Nautilus' commanding officer, Commander William R. Anderson, in 1957 by the French Navy's chief of staff, Adm. Henri Nomy. The fictional submarine in the book is also named Nautilus.

Fewer beds in a room indicated a higher rank.

The executive officer, also known as the "XO," was the ship's second-in-command.

The commanding officer used the stateroom as a workspace and living quarters.

The yeoman managed the ship's correspondence and personnel records.

The attack center contained periscopes to spot enemy ships and the controls to aim and fire torpedoes.

On the diagram, Nautilus is represented by the bottom ship, and the top ship represents the target.

The torpedo firing key, which was used to deploy the torpedoes, was indicated with a blue sign on the firing panel.

The alarms were color-coded for different scenarios:

• Yellow: a fire or casualty
• Red: flooding or a collision
• Green: submerging or emergency surfacing
• Pink: a power plant casualty

The guns were used for security while the submarine was in port.

Sonar stands for "sound navigation and ranging." Active sonar emitted sound pulses to locate targets, while passive sonar listened for underwater activity.

Before that, ladders were used to climb from one level to another.

Commands were issued in the control room by a crew member known as the diving officer of the watch, who received orders from the attack center.

When the main ballast tanks filled with water, the submarine would submerge. When filled with air, the submarine would surface.

The ESM bay's instruments could detect other ships' radars.

The radio room was located just off the control room on the right.

Here, crew members ate meals, worked, and spent their recreational time.

Damage control personnel used OBAs if fires broke out on board while submerged. The hoses on the masks could be attached to the submarine's reserve air supply.

Since there was no Navy chaplain on board the submarine, crew member volunteers conducted services for various faiths with items from the lay services box.

Nautilus was mainly powered by its nuclear reactor, but the battery served as an auxiliary source of power in case of an emergency.

Chief petty officers acted as liaisons between officers and crew members. Their living quarters were sometimes known as the "goat locker." There are a few possible explanations for the nickname:

• Chief petty officers used to be in charge of goats that were kept on ships to produce fresh milk
• Chief petty officers were nicknamed "old goats" because they were senior officers who had been in the Navy for a long time

A window connected the galley to the scullery, where crew members washed dishes.

Nautilus had two crew quarters, one at the front of the submarine and one at the back.

I swiveled the periscope until I could see my car sitting in the museum's parking lot, which was pretty cool.

Just over 70 years after Nautilus was commissioned as the first nuclear-powered submarine in the world, all of the US Navy's submarines are now nuclear-powered, according to the Department of Defense.

In addition to the ship's roles in the Battle of Manila Bay and the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, Olympia escorted other vessels as a convoy during World War I.

"One of my favorite fun facts is that she was so fast that she would actually outpace the convoy she was escorting," Greg Williams, manager of historic ships at the Independence Seaport Museum, told Business Insider. "She could do a top speed of 22 knots, whereas the merchant ships could only maybe do 10, 12 knots, and so she actually had to zig-zag back and forth to keep pace with the merchants who were sailing in a straight line."

Olympia also carried out humanitarian relief missions and sailed the world to serve as a symbol of American might and protect American interests abroad — part of President Theodore Roosevelt's philosophy to "speak softly and carry a big stick."

Olympia was decommissioned in 1922 and has served as a museum since 1957.

The river's fresh water helps preserve the historic ship since it's less corrosive than salt water.

Officers worked under Olympia's captain and admiral to manage the operations of the ship and its crew.

During battle, the wardroom functioned as the ship's sick bay.

At two-and-a-half stories tall, Olympia's custom-built engines were larger than most on ships of a similar size to prioritize speed.

The furnaces were numbered to help crew members distribute the coal evenly in an ordered sequence so as not to snuff out any of the fires.

At top speed, Olympia burned through over 600 pounds of coal per minute.

Sailors were required to wash up after shoveling coal so they wouldn't track soot all over the ship, much of which was painted white.

The living arrangements offered little privacy.

Williams said the hammocks were taken down and stored during the day "to prevent anyone from taking a nap."

"The original heads would have had panels between the seats so you're not elbow-to-elbow, but it's not a whole lot," Williams said.

Everything a sailor owned had to fit in one box.

Olympia was one of the first ships to feature refrigeration, allowing the crew to enjoy cold water.

The exact origin of the name "scuttlebutt" is unknown, but Williams said he's looking into it.

Purchases in the ship store came out of the sailors' pay.

The galley featured a coal-burning stove and copper kettles lined with lead.

"The Navy was so concerned that copper would leach into the food and affect the health of the sailors," William said. "All they knew about lead back then was it was an inactive metal, it didn't rust, and it heated nicely. They tried."

The 5-inch, 51-caliber deck guns could shoot up to 10 miles and fire nine rounds in one minute.

Olympia's 5-inch, 40-caliber breech-loading rifles could fire distances of up to 6 miles, but were replaced by more advanced weaponry in World War I.

As the highest-ranking leaders on Olympia, Dewey and Gridley worked, ate, and slept in their stateroom.

The wood was damaged in places, but it appeared amazingly well-preserved.

"At this point in time, the Navy is kind of a de facto arm of American foreign policy, so you have admirals who are given a lot of leeway, especially compared to today, about making agreements with foreign powers," Williams said. "So if Dewey, or whoever the admiral is, wants to sign a treaty with somebody, they will do it here right next to this thing that they're going to enforce that treaty with."

The plaque reading May 1, 1898, the date of the Battle of Manila Bay, is original to the ship. So is the Olympia's bell.

The Independence Seaport Museum hosts weddings where couples can get married on the deck of the ship or inside the museum with a ceremonial gun salute.

Marines stood guard over the casket for the entire 15-day journey from Le Havre, France, to Washington, DC. The soldiers latched themselves to the casket to keep themselves from going overboard.

Dewey commanded the Battle of Manila Bay from the pilothouse.

Dewey famously began the Battle of Manila Bay in 1898 with the command, "You may fire when ready, Gridley." Gridley received the instruction while stationed in the conning tower.

The "Victory" figure is shown holding a ribbon that reads "Gridley, you may fire when ready."

The memorial was first mounted on Olympia's forward turret, then moved to the front of the conning tower before its permanent exhibit near the ship's exit.

The US does not have the largest navy in the world. That distinction belongs to China.

Much of the US Navy's post-Cold War shipbuilding projects have been plagued with issues causing them to run over budget and behind schedule, which could prove disastrous in a war with China.

At his joint address to Congress in March, President Donald Trump announced a new White House office to "resurrect the American shipbuilding industry" to produce new ships "very fast, very soon."

Trump Jr. and Anderson, a Palm Beach socialite, model, and the founder of the wildlife conservation nonprofit Project Paradise, were first linked in September. Trump Jr. was previously engaged to Kimberly Guilfoyle.

Kushner and Ivanka Trump are not reprising their roles as White House advisors in the second Trump administration.

Tiffany Trump is expecting her first child with husband Michael Boulos. Eric Trump's wife, Lara Trump, has a new show on Fox News.

"Pink is a color of protest & power. We're sending a message: Trump's policies are devastating women," California Rep. Judy Chu wrote on X.

The first lady received a standing ovation as she entered the US Capitol. The blazer she wore, which features a removable scarf, retails for $5,500 on Dior's website.

The raised fist has become the president's signature pose following the assassination attempt he faced in July at a rally in Butler, Pennsylvania.

Green, a Texas Democrat, yelled, "You have no mandate to cut Medicaid!" and was escorted out by the Sergeant at Arms.

The signs read "False," "Musk steals," "Protect veterans," and "Save Medicaid."

Musk received a standing ovation from many of the Republicans in the room.

"Thank you, Elon. You're working very hard," Trump said.

"We need Greenland for national security and even international security, and we're working with everybody involved to try and get it," Trump said. "But we need it really for international world security. And I think we're going to get it one way or the other."

Trump also used his speech to acknowledge several guests in the crowd, including the widow and daughters of Corey Comperatore, a firefighter who was fatally shot while shielding his family from gunfire during the assassination attempt against Trump in Pennsylvania.

Support or opposition to the president's statements was demonstrated by standing or sitting during the speech.

Former President Bill Clinton previously held the record, speaking for one hour and 29 minutes in 2000.

Some Democratic lawmakers walked out of the House chamber before Trump concluded speaking.

Dean was driving by in his pickup truck when he saw Dolly Parton and "hollered" at her, she told The New York Times in 1976. She declined his request for a date but invited him over while she was babysitting her nephew the following day.

"He came up every day that week and we sat out on the porch. I wouldn't even take him in the house," she said. "Then my aunt got a day off, and she could keep the kid and that was my first chance to go anywhere with Carl and he drove me straight to his folks' house and introduced me to his mother and daddy. 'Cause he said he knew right the minute he saw me that that's the one he wanted."

At the time, Parton was 18 and Dean was 21.

Parton's record label asked her to wait a year before getting married for the sake of her career, but she and Dean couldn't wait. They went to Georgia so that the event wouldn't be reported in the Tennessee press.

"It was just my mother and Carl and me," she told CMT in 2016. "We went across the state line to Ringgold, Georgia. My mother made me a little white dress and a little bouquet and a little Bible. But I said, 'I can't get married in a courthouse because I'll never feel married.' So we found a little Baptist church in town, and went up to Pastor Don Duvall and said, 'Would you marry us?' We got pictures on the steps right outside the church."

Parton received her first songwriting award at 20 years old for "Put It Off Until Tomorrow" recorded by Bill Phillips, winning BMI's Song of the Year. She and Dean walked the red carpet and attended the dinner and award ceremony, but it wasn't Dean's style.

"After the dinner, we walked back out, and they brought us our car — I don't even remember what we were driving then — and we got in it and headed for home," Parton told audiences at the Marty Stuart Jam in 2011, The Boot reported. "Carl turned to me and said, 'Dolly, I want you to have everything you want, and I'm happy for you, but don't you ever ask me to go to another one of them dang things again!'"

"My Blue Ridge Mountain Boy" reached No. 6 on the US Top Country Albums charts.

Beyond this image, there are few public photos of the couple.

"She got this terrible crush on my husband," Parton told NPR in 2008. "And he just loved going to the bank because she paid him so much attention. It was kinda like a running joke between us — when I was saying, 'Hell, you're spending a lot of time at the bank. I don't believe we've got that kind of money.' So it's really an innocent song all around, but sounds like a dreadful one."

The auction benefited the Dr. Robert F. Thomas Foundation, which expands access to quality healthcare in Sevier County. The foundation is named for the physician who delivered Parton, and she serves as its honorary chairperson.

"I got all dressed up in the most beautiful gown you've ever seen and dressed that husband of mine up. He looked like a handsome dude out of Hollywood," she told Rolling Stone in 2016. "We had a few family and friends around. We didn't plan anything big at all because we didn't want any kind of strain, any kind of tension, any kind of commotion, so we planned it cleverly and carefully. We just had a simple little ceremony at our chapel at our place."

In his first public statement in honor of their 50th anniversary, Dean also expressed his love for Parton.

"My first thought was, 'I'm gonna marry that girl,'" Dean said in a statement of the moment they met, Entertainment Tonight reported. "My second thought was, 'Lord she's good lookin'.' And that was the day my life began. I wouldn't trade the last 50 years for nothing on this earth."

"I was just trying to think about all the different colors of love through the years," Parton told Rolling Stone. "I thought, 'Well I'm going to write about mine and Carl's relationship. It's just a pure and simple relationship,' so it started with that and then I thought, 'Well why don't I just write a whole album of love songs?'"

Parton and Aniston worked together on the Netflix movie "Dumplin,'" with Parton writing six original songs for the soundtrack.

"I love her to death," she said of Aniston. "My husband is crazy about her. And he was more excited that I was gonna do a movie with her than he was that I got the chance to write all this music."

Parton confirmed that Dean, a retired businessman, is a real person, despite rumors of him being imaginary.

"A lot of people have thought that through the years, because he does not want to be in the spotlight at all," Parton told Entertainment Tonight. "It's just not who he is. He's like, a quiet, reserved person and he figured if he ever got out there in that, he'd never get a minute's peace and he's right about that."

Parton said that they each value their independence, and that Dean values his privacy and has no interest in fame.

"I've always respected and appreciated that in him and I've always tried to keep him out of the limelight as much as I can," she said. "He said, 'I didn't choose this world, I chose you, and you chose that world. But we can keep our lives separate and together.' And we do and we have. We've been together 56 years, married 54."

Parton shared a video of herself on Instagram in a black bustier and pink-and-white collar with a bow tie. 

"Hey!" Parton said in the video. "You're probably wondering why I'm dressed like this. Well, it's for my husband's birthday."

She said that Dean had always loved her original Playboy cover, so to "make him happy" on his birthday, she decided to get a duplicate outfit and set up her own photo shoot. 

"He still thinks I'm a hot chick after 57 years," she said. "And I'm not gonna try and talk him out of that."

In the interview, Parton discussed her time working with country star and duet partner Porter Wagoner.

"My husband and I don't argue, but Porter and I did nothing but fight. It was a love-hate relationship," she told W magazine's Lynn Hirschberg.

The vintage photo appeared to have been edited to show Dean wearing a shirt from Parton's line of merchandise available on her website.

"Find you a partner who will support you like my Carl Dean does!" Parton captioned the post.

"You can't go wrong with fried chicken," Parton told Business Insider's Anneta Konstantinides. "I think everybody should really know how to make good fried chicken. No matter where people come from, they love good fried chicken. So you need to make good fried chicken!" 

Parton said she also makes him pork chops with green peas and mashed potatoes, biscuits and gravy, or chicken and dumplings — her specialty. 

"A lot of people like my chicken and dumplings," she said. "I'm pretty famous for that. Carl likes all my cooking. But he, like the rest of them, especially likes the chicken and dumplings." 

In March 2022, Parton was one of 17 artists shortlisted and one of seven first-time nominees.

"Even though I am extremely flattered and grateful to be nominated for the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame, I don't feel that I have earned that right," she said in a statement. "I really do not want votes to be split because of me, so I must respectfully bow out."

She added, "This has, however, inspired me to put out a hopefully great rock 'n' roll album at some point in the future, which I have always wanted to do! My husband is a total rock 'n' roll freak, and has always encouraged me to do one."

The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame declined Parton's request to be removed from the ballot, saying in a statement, in part, "In addition to her incredible talent as an artist, her humility is another reason Dolly is a beloved icon by millions of fans around the world."

In April, she changed her tune and said she would accept the honor, if she was voted in.

"I'll accept gracefully. I'll just say 'Thanks' and I will accept it because the fans vote," she told NPR's "Morning Edition."

In May 2022, it was announced she had indeed been voted in.

In a red-carpet interview with E! News at her induction ceremony, Parton said that her upcoming album would feature some of Dean's favorite rock songs.

"We have a lot of favorite songs," she said. "He loves rock 'n' roll, he loves Led Zeppelin and he loves 'Stairway to Heaven.' So I'm going to do a lot of things like that for him."

The album featured duets with artists including Sting, Stevie Nicks, Steven Tyler, and Joan Jett. "Rockstar" reached No. 1 on Billboard's Top Album Sales chart and became her best-selling album since Luminate began tracking sales in 1991.

Dean's death was announced in a post on Parton's social media on March 3.

"Carl and I spent many wonderful years together," Parton wrote in the post. "Words can't do justice to the love we shared for over 60 years. Thank you for your prayers and sympathy."

The post shared that Dean would be "laid to rest in a private ceremony with immediate family attending."

To open the show at the Dolby Theatre, Ariana Grande and Cynthia Erivo performed songs from "The Wizard of Oz," "The Wiz," and "Wicked."

It was Conan O'Brien's first time hosting the Oscars. During his opening monologue, he addressed the controversy around Karla Sofía Gascón's tweets and had a humorous exchange with Adam Sandler.

At the end of his monologue, O'Brien burst out into a musical number, during which he pledged not to waste the viewers' time.

Kieran Culkin took home the first Oscar of the night, for best supporting actor in "A Real Pain."

In his speech, he shared a story about his wife, Jazz Charton, making a deal to have four children with him — if he won an Oscar.

"I just have to say to you, Jazz, love of my life, ye of little faith — no pressure," he said.

"I love you. I'm really sorry I did this again," he said. "And let's get cracking on those kids. What do you say? I love you."

"Flow" was the first Latvian film to be nominated for an Oscar.

The "Wicked" costume designer Paul Tazewell became the first Black man to win an Oscar for best costume design.

While accepting the Oscar for best screenplay, the director Sean Baker — whose film tells the story of a young sex worker who marries the son of a Russian oligarch — thanked "the sex worker community."

Peter Straughan adapted the Oscar-winning screenplay for "Conclave" from a novel by Robert Harris.

Pierre Olivier Persin, the special makeup effects designer for "The Substance," thanked the film's star Demi Moore for her "patience in the makeup chair."

The "Substance" star Margaret Qualley danced as Lisa, Doja Cat, and Raye sang in a "James Bond"-themed performance.

Zoe Saldaña became emotional while accepting the award for best supporting actress for her role in "Emilia Pérez."

"My grandmother came to this country in 1961. I am a proud child of immigrant parents with dreams and dignity and hardworking hands," Saldaña said. "And I am the first American of Dominican origin to accept an Academy Award."

Ben Stiller introduced the award for best production design with a physical comedy act demonstrating the importance of precision in production design. He then presented the award, which went to "Wicked."

Camille sang part of her speech as she accepted the Oscar for best original song, which went to "Emilia Pérez."

Despite not having an official US distributor, "No Other Land," a collaboration between a Palestinian activist and an Israeli journalist, won best documentary feature.

Greater Los Angeles firefighters received a standing ovation and even delivered some of O'Brien's jokes.

The in memoriam segment, which remembered academy members who died in the past year, paid tribute to Maggie Smith, Kris Kristofferson, Jeff Baena, Donald Sutherland, Shelley Duvall, David Lynch, James Earl Jones, and Gene Hackman, among others.

The orchestra at the Oscars played the scores as the nominees were announced. The composer Daniel Blumberg accepted the award for "The Brutalist."

Adrien Brody's performance in "The Brutalist" earned him the Oscar for best actor in a leading role, 22 years after he won the award for "The Pianist."

In his speech, he said the lesson of "The Brutalist" was to "not let hate go unchecked."

While accepting the Oscar for best director for "Anora," Baker urged audiences to support independently owned theaters.

The "Anora" star Mikey Madison said that the win felt "surreal" and that she wanted to "recognize and honor the sex worker community."

"Anora" won a total of five Oscars out of its six nominations.

Its director, Baker, made history by winning four awards — best original screenplay, best editing, best director, and best picture — for the same movie in one night.

The singer carried a cat statue that doubled as a purse, which was part of the original Valentino spring 2025 runway look.

Shekoni, a Swedish singer, wore shoes with "Free Congo" written on the bottom in gold letters, referencing the ongoing humanitarian crisis amid an offensive mounted by the M23 armed group.

Erivo, who played Elphaba in 2024's box-office smash "Wicked," told E! News that her nails were an "ode to Oz" with green and gold buildings.

Bode, who played Nessarose in "Wicked," paired her red sparkling dress with matching red shoes in an apparent tribute to her character.

Adra, one of the directors and subjects of the documentary "No Other Land," wore shoes from the Kickstarter brand Resolute RGL. The shoes featured Palestinian Tatreez embroidery made in Adra's home of Massafer Yatta in the West Bank.

Qualley's black velvet Chanel dress appeared simple from the front, but the drop necklace down her back stole the show. The necklace and earrings were also Chanel.

The "Conclave" screenwriter wore a blue-and-yellow ribbon in a tribute to Ukraine, telling Variety, "Let's not turn our backs on Ukraine."

Domingo, who was nominated for best actor, added a $160,000 Omega Speedmaster Moonwatch to his black-and-red Valentino look.

Colman Domingo arrived in a custom Valentino ensemble, which included a statement red jacket that tied at his waist. Sunglasses and a gold brooch were the finishing touches on the chic look.

Garfield wore his fitted brown suit with a shiny shirt and sunglasses.

Feldman's sheer, black top and star bolo tie were the focal points of his Saint Laurent look, but his long jacket and flared pants were fun too.

The TikTok creator arrived at the Oscars in an oversized, patterned suit from Amiri.

Yang's leather suit from Etro featured colorful embroidery on the jacket, which he accentuated with a pink, ruffled shirt.

The "Wicked" star's custom Prada ensemble consisted of a white jacket, a floral-patterned blouse, and a large, purple flower on his lapel.

Connor's black suit stood out thanks to its details, like exposed cuffs, a white tie, and a sparkly brooch.

The "A Complete Unknown" star wore a subtly shiny yellow suit from Givenchy. He wore his coordinating top with no tie, and black shoes completed the look.

Chu arrived at the Oscars in a dark-green tuxedo from NB44, celebrating "Wicked" with his glamorous look.

Pope's silky, black Balmain suit included flared pants and a form-fitting jacket, which had bow fastenings instead of buttons.

Tazewell, who became the first Black man to win the best costume design award, arrived at the 2025 Oscars in a custom Dolce & Gabbana ensemble.

The designer said on Instagram that he took inspiration from Black dandies for his ensemble.

The couple coordinated both the colors and styles of their red-carpet looks.

Carlile wore black trousers and a polka-dot-print jacket with a red bow attached at the waistline, both designed by Valentino.

Shepherd, on the other hand, chose red tights and a black dress with a bow tie-embellished bodice.

While Consuelos wore a classic tuxedo with a small broach and silver watch, Ripa shined bright in an orange wrap dress from Zuhair Murad and satin pumps.

Goldblum sported a floral blouse and purple scarf beneath a white suit jacket with attached orchids, all designed by Prada.

Livingston walked the red carpet beside him in a sleeveless, crystal-covered gown from the same fashion house.

The power couple contrasted their looks, with Iger in a black tuxedo and Bay wearing a cream-colored set.

The latter included a knit, long-sleeved blouse that was semi-sheer and a satin floor-length skirt.

Keleigh brought some color to the carpet with her flowing baby-blue Zuhair Murad gown that was embellished with sparkling flower appliqués.

Miles kept things simpler in a black tuxedo, bow tie, and sunglasses.

The "Wicked" director nodded to the Emerald City with his sparkling green suit jacket from NB44, while Hodge stood out beside him in a butter-yellow gown with a lace bodice.

Brody and Chapman coordinated in all-black looks.

Embroidered ruffles brought volume and shape to Chapman's form-fitting Marchesa gown.

"The Brutalist" star wore a traditional tuxedo, but an oversized, silver bow brooch shaped like a bird elevated his ensemble.

Culkin wore all black to win his first Oscar, adding a green brooch to his lapel for a pop of color.

Charton's dress was covered in gold and black sequins, hugging her figure and sparkling as she walked the red carpet.

Valentino designed Colman's red and black ensemble. The jacket, which had a sash on the waist, featured black lapels that coordinated with his pants.

Raúl wore a black suit with no shirt. Together, the couple looked chic.

Brown and Bathe's looks were both glamorous.

He wore a white tuxedo jacket with black pants and a black bow tie, while Bathe's textured, gold dress was strapless and form-fitting with a large train.

Hawn's yellow Dolce & Gabbana dress had structured pleats on the bodice. Delicate beading sat atop the fabric, and she wore a shawl around her shoulders that complemented the gown.

Russell kept his look classic, wearing a black tuxedo and glasses.

Grande's pale pink Schiaparelli dress featured a peplum top and sparkly tulle bottom, similar to the ball gown Glinda wears in the "Wicked" film.

Erivo's custom green velvet ball gown by Louis Vuitton appeared to pay tribute to the green hues of Elphaba and the Emerald City. Erivo's nails are often long and extravagantly decorated — and the green-and-gilded handiwork she showed off on the Oscars red carpet was no exception.

Yeoh appeared at the Oscars in a blue strapless dress. Her character — Madam Morrible, a teacher at Shiz University where Glinda and Elphaba attend — wore several blue dresses.

Goldblum walked the carpet in a white jacket, floral shirt, and black pants designed by Prada. He wore orchids on his lapel.

Bode accessorized her sparkling red dress with red shoes reminiscent of her character Nessarose's ruby slippers. The slippers play a central role in the second "Wicked" film.

Yang's Etro suit jacket was embellished with colorful embroidery.

Slater wore a simple black suit with a black tie.

The "Wicked" director channeled the Emerald City in a green suit.

Textured, floral detailing covered Kaling's form-fitting silver dress from Oscar de la Renta.

Grande's soft-pink Schiaparelli dress had a strapless bodice with a three-dimensional, waved peplum.

Erivo wore a custom, bow-shaped ball gown from Louis Vuitton with a tall collar crafted from emerald-green velvet.

Dior designed Hough's sheer dress, which had a high neckline and a low back.

The "Chicken Shop Date" host arrived in a pale-blue gown from Versace that had statement cutouts on the bodice.

Feldman had fun with his suit for the Oscars, pairing an oversized jacket and wide-legged pants with a mesh button-down and bolo tie.

Cassidy's one-shoulder dress, cinched with a gravity-defying bow, was custom-made for her by Loewe.

Finney wore a black Harris Reed gown with a pointed, strapless neckline embellished with long feathers. She also wore sheer black gloves.

Jones' silver gown from Armani Privé featured a halter neckline and cutouts on the bodice.

Yai showcased her modeling skills on the red carpet in her peach-colored, mermaid-shaped gown and black feather boa, which were custom Marni.

The standout element of Pope's all-black look was his jacket, which was adorned with bows instead of buttons.

Nyong'o wore a white Chanel gown that was fit for a princess with pearl straps, a sequined corset bodice, a pleated skirt, and a pink satin belt.

The "Emilia Pérez" star wore one of the night's most unique looks: a custom strapless dress from Saint Laurent that featured ruffled tiers extending from her waist to the floor.

The influencer looked like a princess in her tan, strapless gown embellished with lilac flowers across its wide mermaid skirt.

The musician and "White Lotus" star proved that menswear is for everyone in her floor-length suit jacket and wide-legged trousers from Mark Gong.

The neckline of Moore's textured, silver dress dipped low, and an additional layer of fabric gathered around her waist, adding volume to the look.

Gomez took inspiration from Sophia Loren for her blush-pink gown, which was covered in crystals and designed by Ralph Lauren.

The star of "A Complete Unknown" arrived in a custom Givenchy suit. The look's shiny, butter-yellow fabric brought a pop of color to the red carpet.

Qualley kept things classic in diamond jewels and a black velvet gown with short puffed sleeves and an off-the-shoulder neckline.

The "Wicked" director wore a dark-green suit that had shiny lapels.

Raye's glamorous Vivienne Westwood gown had a corset bodice and was covered in drapery, from the off-the-shoulder sleeves to the floor-length skirt.

Cryus chose a custom Alexander McQueen dress for the Oscars. The black dress had a halter neckline and textured, sparkly detailing, which she accented with black gloves.

Emma Stone's cream dress — custom from Louis Vuitton — was covered in large, reflective sequins that shimmered as she walked the red carpet.

The "Paint The Town Red" singer walked the red carpet in an animal-print Balmain dress.

The Brazillian actor's white dress played with contrasting fabrics. The halter bodice was made of ruched tulle while the skirt was made of a simpler fabric.

Dern put a twist on menswear at the Oscars, pairing a sheer, lace top with high-waisted pants and a cummerbund. She carried a jacket over her shoulder, completing the all-black look.

Garfield looked effortlessly cool in an all-brown Gucci suit, which included a shiny button-down and sunglasses.

Berry's Christian Siriano dress, which had a corset bodice and a form-fitting neckline, was covered in metallic fabric arranged in a mosaic pattern.

Her strapless black gown was decorated with sequins across its corseted bodice, ruching at the hips, and a rose detail at the top of her satin skirt.

Domingo's custom Valentino outfit featured a red jacket that cinched his waist with a sash. The black lapels coordinated with his pants, and fun accessories like sunglasses and a brooch made the look pop.

Most children came down with measles by the age of 15, according to the CDC.

The mortality rate was higher than whooping cough and scarlet fever, and there was no known cure.

The quarantines often weren't strictly enforced, causing epidemics to worsen.

Quarantines were more difficult to enforce in lower-income neighborhoods with tenement buildings and multiple families per household.

Characters contracted measles in movies such as the 1959 film "Count Your Blessings."

Enders and Thomas C. Peebles isolated the measles virus in the blood of a 13-year-old boy named David Edmonston and developed it into the first measles vaccine, according to the CDC.

In 1968, Maurice Hilleman developed a new measles vaccine that remains in use today.

By 1981, the number of reported measles cases had dropped 80% in the US.

Children are 93% immune after their first dose of the measles vaccine and 97% immune after the second dose.

Endemic measles was eliminated in the US in 2000, according to the CDC, but anti-vaccine misinformation has gained momentum in recent years. The disease continues to spread among children and adults who are unvaccinated.

In 2019, there were more measles cases in the US than in any year since 1994.

Robert Redfield, then director of the CDC, attributed the outbreaks to widespread vaccine skepticism.

"Measles is preventable and the way to end this outbreak is to ensure that all children and adults who can get vaccinated, do get vaccinated," he said. "Again, I want to reassure parents that vaccines are safe, they do not cause autism. The greater danger is the disease the vaccination prevents."

In February, an ongoing measles outbreak in Texas and New Mexico killed one unvaccinated child and sickened over 130 people, marking the first measles fatality in the US since 2015.

Robert F. Kennedy Jr., a prominent anti-vaccine figure who was recently confirmed as health secretary of the US, said in a Cabinet meeting Wednesday that "we have measles outbreaks every year" and the situation was "not unusual."

The White House did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Sánchez grew up in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and studied broadcast journalism at the University of Southern California. She started her journalistic career as an intern on the Los Angeles station Channel 13 during college, according to a 2017 interview with The Hollywood Reporter.

She began anchoring UPN News 13 on Los Angeles' KCOP in 1999, winning a Los Angeles Area Emmy award for her work on the show in 2001, the Los Angeles Times reported.

Sánchez went on to work as a host at various news channels before landing at Fox 11's "Good Day LA" in 2003, where she worked for six years. She then became a weekend anchor and special correspondent on "Extra" in 2009.

In addition to once being an anchor in real life, Sánchez has starred as a news anchor in movies including "Fight Club," "The Day After Tomorrow," and "The Fantastic Four."

Sánchez learned how to fly while working as a news anchor and she started flying planes in 2011 before getting her helicopter pilot's license in 2016.

Her interest in aviation seems to have been sparked at an early age, as her father was a flight instructor and mechanic who rebuilt planes.

"I was always in the hangar growing up but knew nothing about flying," she told The Hollywood Reporter.

Sánchez founded Black Ops Aviation in 2016, a "female owned and operated" aerial filming company, which has shot footage for Amazon, Netflix, and Fox, among others.

Sánchez also lent her aerial-filming knowledge to Christopher Nolan as a consultant on "Dunkirk."

Sánchez was a host on the first season of Fox's "So You Think You Can Dance" in 2005, but she left the show after one season.

Whitesell is co-CEO of the Hollywood agency WME, and his clients include Matt Damon, Christian Bale, and Hugh Jackman. Whitesell and Sánchez married in 2005 and separated in the fall of 2018.

They finalized their divorce in October 2019 with shared custody of their two children, People magazine reported.

Sánchez also has a son from her previous relationship with NFL star Tony Gonzalez.

Bezos and Sánchez first connected at a 2016 Amazon Studios party for the film "Manchester by the Sea," according to Brad Stone's book, "Amazon Unbound."

Their relationship "blossomed" during helicopter rides in 2018, when Bezos hired Sánchez's company to film footage for his rocket company, Blue Origin, The Wall Street Journal reported.

Their relationship came to light in a 2019 tabloid scandal, and the couple went public shortly after Bezos and his now-ex-wife, author and philanthropist MacKenzie Scott, announced their divorce in 2019 following 25 years of marriage.

In May 2023, CNN reported that Sánchez and Bezos had gotten engaged, citing a source close to the couple. Sanchez was also photographed with a large diamond ring on her left ring finger while onboard Bezos' $500 million megayacht.

In Vogue's December 2023 issue, Sánchez revealed that Bezos proposed on his yacht, Koru.

"When he opened the box, I think I blacked out a bit," she said.

While Sánchez and Bezos have often been spotted cruising on his yacht or attending high-profile events, including President Trump's inauguration, Sánchez says they also have more mundane days at home.

"On a typical Saturday, we hang out, we have dinner with the kids, which is always fun because you never know where the conversation is going to go with this many kids," Sanchez told The Wall Street Journal in 2023. "We are the Brady Bunch!"

In 2020, Bezos announced that he would commit $10 billion — about 7.7% of his net worth at the time — to fighting the climate crisis as part of an initiative called the Bezos Earth Fund. Sánchez serves as the organization's vice chair.

Sánchez's first picture book, "The Fly Who Flew to Space,"is scheduled for a September release.

She's talked about how her own struggles with dyslexia were part of the inspiration for her writing the book. Celebrities such as Katy Perry, Kim Kardashian, and Karlie Kloss have endorsed the book, with Kloss writing that the "story sparks curiosity and imagination while introducing young minds to the magic of STEM!"

She's leading a six-person all-woman crew on a Blue Origin spaceflight in 2025.

The 11-minute journey will take them past the Kármán line, which is the internationally recognized boundary of space. Blue Origin says this will be the first all-female flight crew since Valentina Tereshkova's flight to space in 1963.

Wertmuller directed "Seven Beauties." The film was also nominated for best foreign language film, best screenplay, and best actor for Giancarlo Giannini, although it did not win in any category.

It would be almost 20 years before another woman was nominated for best director: Jane Campion for "The Piano" at the 1994 awards.

"Children of a Lesser God" was nominated for best adapted screenplay, best supporting actress, best actor, best actress, and best picture. Marlee Matlin won the best supporting actress award at age 21, making her the youngest and first deaf person to win an Academy Award. Haines' role as director, however, was ignored.

Streisand made her directorial debut with "Yentl" in 1983. It was nominated for five Oscars and won two, but she was snubbed for best director. She did, however, become the first woman to win a Golden Globe for best director. She remained the only female winner until Chloé Zhao won in 2021 and Jane Campion in 2022.

Streisand told Variety it took her years to want to direct again after the snub. In 1991, she directed "The Prince of Tides," which garnered seven Oscar nominations including best picture. Yet again, Streisand's work as a director was not nominated for an award.

The film was released in December 1990 to critical acclaim — Roger Ebert wrote that Marshall directed the movie "with intelligence and heart."

It was nominated for best adapted screenplay and best picture, and Robert De Niro was nominated for best actor. Marshall's work as director was not recognized by the Academy.

"The Piano" was nominated for eight Oscars and won three: best screenplay, best supporting actress for Anna Paquin, and best actress for Holly Hunter.

In addition to best screenplay and best director, "Lost in Translation" was nominated for best picture, and Bill Murray for best actor.

"Little Miss Sunshine" won two Oscars: best original screenplay and Alan Arkin for best supporting actor. Abigail Breslin also made history with her nomination for best supporting actress at 10 years old, making her one of the youngest actors ever to be nominated for an Academy Award. However, directors Faris and Dayton weren't nominated.

"The Kids Are All Right" was nominated for best original screenplay, best picture, best actress for Annette Bening, and best supporting actor for Mark Ruffalo. The film's other star Julianne Moore was also snubbed.

"Yeah, there were no women in the directing category," producer Celine Rattray told "Today" at the time. "It's interesting because I think the Academy often rewards flashy directing styles like Danny Boyle in '127 Hours.'"

"Winter's Bone" starred Jennifer Lawrence and John Hawkes, both of whom received nominations. It was also nominated for best adapted screenplay and best picture. 

Just three years after her historic best director win for "The Hurt Locker" in 2010, Bigelow wasn't nominated for "Zero Dark Thirty," even though the film received five Oscar nominations including best picture.

"Selma" was nominated for best picture and won the Oscar for best original song, but DuVernay told Entertainment Weekly in 2015 that she wasn't surprised by the directing snub.

"It would be lovely," she said. "When it happens to whomever it happens to, it will certainly have meaning. This is not me being humble, either. It's math."

Years later, "Selma" actor David Oyelowo also spoke about the Academy's response to the film.

"I remember at the premiere of 'Selma' us wearing 'I Can't Breathe' T-shirts in protest," he said at a 2020 Screen Talks live Q&A. "Members of the Academy called in to the studio and our producers saying, 'How dare they do that?' ... and 'We are not going to vote for that film because we do not think it is their place to be doing that.' It's part of why that film didn't get everything that people think it should've got and it birthed #OscarsSoWhite. They used their privilege to deny a film on the basis of what they valued in the world."

The Academy responded on X, formerly known as Twitter: "Ava & David, we hear you. Unacceptable. We're committed to progress."

Superhero movies don't usually win Oscars, but there have been exceptions such as "Black Panther" (three Oscars) and "The Dark Knight" (two Oscars). "Wonder Woman" was considered a critically acclaimed contender in 2017, but it was not recognized by the Academy.

The following year, Jenkins spoke to Vulture after other female directors were snubbed.

"The Academy is working on this, but the real issue to me is that at the end of the day, no matter what movie you make and no matter how much money it makes, and no matter how diverse the audience is, the voting academy is still very, very limited. Still," she said.

Cynthia Erivo was nominated for best actress for her portrayal of Harriet Tubman, and the song "Stand Up" was nominated for best original song.

That year, Natalie Portman wore a black Dior cape embroidered with the names of female directors whose work had been snubbed by the Academy, with Lemmons' name among them.

"I wanted to recognize the women who were not recognized for their incredible work this year, in my subtle way," Portman told the Los Angeles Times.

The Director's Guild of America nominated Matsoukas for outstanding directorial achievement in first-time feature film. But at the 2020 Oscars, the best director category was all male, prompting Issa Rae to introduce the nominees by saying, "Congratulations to those men."

"Little Women" received seven Oscar nominations, including best picture, best actress, and best supporting actress, and won for best costume design. Many believed that Gerwig was robbed.

"To nominate Greta for best picture and best screenplay and best actresses but not best director just truly speaks to the way we don't view women as auteurs no matter how much they clearly ARE," Decider's senior film reporter, Anna Menta, wrote on X.

Tom Hanks received an Oscar nod for best actor for his portrayal of Mr. Rogers (he lost to Joaquin Phoenix) in "A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood" in 2020, but Heller's directing work did not receive a nomination.

It was the second snub in a row for Heller. The year prior, her movie, "Can You Ever Forgive Me?" earned Melissa McCarthy and Richard E. Grant Golden Globe and Oscar nominations, but Heller was not nominated.

"This was an incredible year for women filmmakers," Heller said in 2019, W magazine reported. "A lot of us made really worthy movies."

She added, "But that was our undoing. There were too many of us, and the world doesn't know how to handle more than one good female director at a time."

While the 2019 film was snubbed at the Oscars, "The Farewell" was nominated for a Golden Globe for best picture, and Awkafina won the award for best actress.

"Honey Boy" garnered Oscar buzz and critical acclaim, but ultimately was not nominated for any Academy Awards.

Despite rave reviews and box-office success, "The Woman King" starring Viola Davis was not nominated for any Oscars.

In an as-told-to piece for The Hollywood Reporter, Prince-Bythewood wrote that "the Academy made a very loud statement, and for me to stay quiet is to accept that statement."

"'The Woman King' wasn't snubbed," she wrote. "A snub is if it missed out on a category or two. The film was not nominated for one single craft. Not one single extraordinary performance was recognized. And when has that happened for a successful film that hit all the so-called markers? It's not a snub. It's a reflection of where the Academy stands and the consistent chasm between Black excellence and recognition. And, sadly, this is not just an issue in Hollywood but in every industry."

"Till" tells the story of Mamie Till-Bradley, the mother of 14-year-old Emmett Till, who was tortured and murdered after a white woman falsely claimed he groped her in 1955.

Chukwu appeared to allude to being shut out of the Oscars in an Instagram post on the day that the nominations were announced.

"We live in a world and work in industries that are so aggressively committed to upholding whiteness and perpetuating an unabashed misogyny towards Black women," she wrote. "And yet. I am forever in gratitude for the greatest lesson of my life — regardless of any challenges or obstacles, I will always have the power to cultivate my own joy, and it is this joy that will continue to be one of my greatest forms of resistance."

She also shared Prince-Bythewood's article in The Hollywood Reporter in a since-deleted Instagram post, writing, "Every single word of this brilliant piece should be required reading for everyone."

Polley told Vogue that while she was happy that "Women Talking" received two nominations, the "lack of acknowledgement" of Black female directors was "a hard thing to swallow."

"I'm thrilled for our team and so proud, but that has to live alongside the fact that some of the best films of the year were made by Black female filmmakers and they weren't honored," she said.

Polley also mentioned the lack of representation for female directors on the red carpet of the Golden Globes in an interview with IndieWire.

"On my mind tonight, specifically, are the incredible female filmmakers who weren't represented here tonight," she said. "So the filmmakers of 'Till' and 'The Woman King' and 'Aftersun,' the list goes on and on. So for me, I think that's top of mind for me tonight, just the incredible work done by female filmmakers this year."

"Aftersun" marked Wells' first time directing and writing a feature film. Paul Mescal plays Calum, a father navigating parenthood and depression as he takes his daughter Sophie (Frankie Corio) on vacation to Turkey.

"It's very much fiction, but rooted in experience and memory," Wells told AnOther magazine. "It's personal in that the feeling is mine and I allowed my own memories and anecdotes through all of childhood to form the kind of skeleton outline that I worked from to write the first draft. But after that point it did become very much about the story I was trying to tell, and that frequently required pushing it away from my own experience."

"I hope the movie inspires people and fuels the conversation that has been going on for quite some time now," Schrader told Shondaland. "Something started after this article went public. This is probably not going to stop." 

Despite the film receiving eight Academy Award nominations, Gerwig's work as director was not nominated. Neither was Margot Robbie's leading performance.

In an interview for Time's 2024 Women of the Year, Gerwig said that she still considered herself nominated because "Barbie" was up for best picture.

Gerwig said, "A friend's mom said to me, 'I can't believe you didn't get nominated. I said, 'But I did. I got an Oscar nomination.' She was like, 'Oh, that's wonderful for you!' I was like, 'I know!'"

Cazajous encountered a school of fish swirling around the hull of the wrecked ship in Cavalaire-sur-Mer, France. The photo was highly commended in the wrecks category.

The photo, which was commended in the wrecks category, was taken in Kreidesee Hemmoor, where the plane's owner purposefully sank it to serve as a diving site.

"I love how surreal this scene feels — the airplane flying through the water column, paired with a diver," Scheltema wrote. "It invites you to question: which one doesn't belong, the plane or the person? This is the paradox that I hoped to capture."

Taken off the coast of Brisbane, Australia, Capozzola's split-level image shows a school of fish swimming beneath a shipwreck at sunset. It was commended in the 2025 photography competition.

"This image transports me straight to this wreck with the distinctive bow bathed in evening light, with an attractive school of monos beneath the surface, adding additional interest to the scene," a judge wrote of her photo.

The Rio de Janeiro was a passenger and cargo liner that sank during Operation Hailstone in 1944, when the US Navy attacked Japanese forces at Truk Lagoon and sank 200,000 tons of shipping, according to the US Naval Institute.

"In the control room of the Rio De Janeiro wreck, I photographed this flooded maze filled with machinery and gauges," Broen wrote.

The Nagano Maru, a passenger and cargo vessel, still has a Nissan flatbed truck in its cargo hold No. 3.

Rick Ayrton worked with another diver to photograph the wreck. The image was highly commended in the Underwater Photographer of the Year contest.

The SS Carthage was sunk by the submarine U-21 on July 4, 1915. It sits off the coast of Turkey at a depth of 84 meters, or 276 feet.

"SS Carthage is one of the most well-preserved wrecks in the Mediterranean, characterized by its tall superstructure and all its detail," Dawson wrote.

The position of the rudder indicates that the crew tried to steer hard to the starboard, or right, side before the wreck, the photographer Frank Aron wrote.

"Even 150 years later this wooden wreck is nearly completely preserved, giving divers a clear idea of what happened during the collision," Aron wrote of the highly commended photo.

The Sahil Guvenlik SG115 was sunk at a depth of 35 meters, or about 115 feet, for recreational diving in Kas, Turkey.

Dopierala took the photo while freediving in the Red Sea.

"I love the fresh images that freediving photography is bringing to underwater photography as a whole," one judge wrote. "Creating such a perfect composition and moment takes particularly high skills when both photographer and model are on breath-hold dives."

Gulf Fleet No. 31 sank in 1985 when it hit a reef in Shaabruhr Umm Qammar.

"When she sank, she got wedged between the reef wall and a small reef, so there is a swim-through under the wreck," Dawson wrote of the ship.

At a depth of about 104 meters, or about 341 feet, it's one of the deepest wrecks featured in the 2025 Underwater Photographer of the Year competition.

"This image is packed with the feeling of adventure, in a finely crafted composition that draws you in with layer upon layer of interest, from foreground corals to the clouds of fish above the wreck," one judge wrote of Dawson's winning photo.

After the war, the Becuna served as a training ship for students at the Naval Submarine School in Groton, Connecticut, while occasionally carrying out surveillance missions against the Soviet Union and visiting foreign ports.

In 1951, the Becuna underwent a Greater Underwater Propulsive Power (GUPPY) 1-A conversion. The submarine was outfitted with additional batteries, a snorkel, and other modernizations to improve its submerged speed and endurance.

The Becuna is now the only GUPPY 1-A submarine left in the world.

The Olympia's service began in 1895. The warship was decommissioned in 1922 and became a museum in 1957.

The Becuna opened to the public as a museum exhibit in 1976.

The Delaware River's fresh water is less corrosive than salty seawater, which helps preserve the historic ships.

Torpedomen slept in pull-out bunks, ready to load and fire the torpedoes at a moment's notice.

The forward torpedo room had six torpedo tubes, while the aft torpedo room in the back of the boat had four tubes.

The escape trunk only worked if the submarine was submerged in 100 feet of water or less.

"The average depth of the world's oceans is 2.3 miles, so the odds of you actually being in 100 feet of water are not great," Williams said. "This was more of a morale booster."

The Becuna had a total crew of 80 men: eight officers, five chief petty officers, and 67 regular crew members.

After its GUPPY 1-A makeover, the Becuna's max speed increased from 9 knots to 15 knots.

The ward room functioned as an operating theater in medical emergencies and was also upgraded to serve as a backup navigation center with the necessary equipment built into the table.

The fake lobster on an officer's plate is part of the museum's strategy to keep younger visitors engaged on the tour. Those who spot all of the lobsters hidden throughout the submarine win a prize.

The officers ate the same meals as the rest of the crew, but enjoyed a more elevated dining experience in the ward room.

Showers were infrequent aboard submarines to preserve fresh water. The space was often used to store items like potatoes, onions, and cans of food, Williams said.

Junior and senior officers served in administrative roles.

The executive officer, who was second-in-command under the commanding officer, slept here.

People often colloquially refer to the person in charge of the ship as the captain, but his official title was commanding officer.

"In the US Navy, 'captain' is a rank, not a position," Williams said. "What most people would think of as a captain is the commanding officer, but his rank is probably going to be commander or lieutenant commander."

"There's a saying in the Navy that officers command but chiefs make the boat go," Williams said.

Anything involving paper — reports, commendations, personnel records, order forms for supplies — went through the yeoman.

The conning tower is where the commanding officer usually issued orders from.

Once I successfully hoisted myself through the narrow hatch into the small space, I looked into one of the periscopes and saw the Olympia warship docked next door.

The Becuna used red lights for night operations and combat because it's easier for one's eyesight to adjust to total darkness from red light than from bright white light. This allowed crew members with lookout duties to see in the dark more quickly. It also would save precious time if the ship lost power and the control room went completely black.

The conning tower could be sealed off in an emergency.

In a nod to the inclinometer, submarine crew members were nicknamed "bubbleheads."

Crew members opened and closed the hatches with levers that used hydraulic pressure.

"Each set of these lights corresponds to a hatch or a hull opening somewhere on the boat," Williams said. "If the light is green, that hatch is closed. If it is red, that hatch is open. When you are diving, you want what's called a green board."

Compressed air had many crucial jobs on a submarine. It started the engines, fired torpedoes, flushed toilets, and blew water out of the ballast tanks to allow the ship to surface.

"This is one of those spots that still needs some research and trying to figure out what was where because, obviously, a lot of that listening stuff was taken out because it is sensitive material," Williams said.

Crew members ate four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, dinner, and midnight rations also known as "mid-rats," which were usually dinner leftovers or a simple meal like cold-cut sandwiches.

The game boards on the tables are original to the submarine.

Perishables usually lasted through the first two or three weeks of a two-month-long patrol. After that, the crew subsisted on canned goods.

Sonar stands for "sound navigation and ranging."

The Becuna used both active and passive sonar to detect other underwater vessels. Active sonar sends out pings of sound that bounce off other objects, revealing their location and distance. Passive sonar simply listens for activity.

The Becuna mostly used passive sonar to remain undetected.

The sonar room below the crew's mess was soundproofed to block out the noise of movie screenings and chatter from above.

The forward and aft torpedo rooms each contained 15 bunks. Together with the 35 beds in the crew's berthing, there were 65 bunks for the 67 non-officer crew members on board.

"Hot racking," or the rotating use of bunks by crew members with different shifts, didn't need to happen very often.

The engines, which ran at 1,600 horsepower each, may have been nicknamed "Huff," "Puff," "Grunt," and "Groan." These names are painted on the engines, but the museum isn't sure if they're historically accurate.

The distillers could produce up to 1,000 gallons of fresh water per day, but actually produced around 600 gallons in practice because they often burned out and required maintenance, Williams said.

Tanks on either side of the submarine could hold 4,000 gallons of fresh water. The Becuna burned through the supply quickly at a pace of about 5,000 gallons a week.

Most of the distilled water went toward keeping the submarine's batteries hydrated as they burned off their electrolyte fluid. The rest was used for cooking, drinking, and cleaning machinery. Hygiene was last on the list, with enough water left over for each crew member to take a two-minute shower once a week.

The bus switches directed electricity to its generators, which powered its motors.

Each Mark 14 torpedo weighed 3,000 pounds.

"The takeaway here is everything old is new again," Williams said. "This is one of your first memes, essentially."

By helping to preserve the story of the only remaining submarine with GUPPY 1-A modernization, Williams hopes to show visitors that submarine history encompasses more than just World War II and nuclear vessels.

"Very few people understand or know that there is a period of about 30 years between the end of the war and when the nuclear fleet really came online that these diesel boats are doing the things that we tend to associate with the nuclear," he said. "That is the story we're trying to tell."

Manhattan's only Costco store is located at East River Plaza, a shopping complex in East Harlem.

I often have to circle the parking lot and wait for a spot when I make my usual Costco runs on Sunday afternoons, but I had no trouble finding a place to park that early.

Some people I spoke with said they hadn't arrived early to buy eggs but instead preferred to shop when the store was less crowded. They also said morning grocery trips worked best with their busy schedules.

When asked why they were at the store so early, two people said they'd had trouble finding eggs at other stores and had come to Costco in search of an affordable supply.

"People don't want to overpay for eggs," one shopper, who declined to give his name, told Business Insider. "That's why I stock up on them."

"It's a shame. It's a shame how much eggs cost," another shopper who asked not to be identified said.

I noticed scanning membership cards beforehand allowed for better traffic flow once the doors opened.

Crowds gathered outside the store by the parking lot and in the indoor vestibule leading to the warehouse entrance. I estimated that there were around 30 to 40 people between them.

It took some maneuvering for all the people and carts to fit through the doors, but overall, I found the process orderly and efficient.

Some people stopped at the entrance to scan their cards again, but employees waved them through and said that wasn't necessary if they'd been processed outside.

I've shopped at Costco stores in the Midwest and Iceland. The busiest location is Costco in New York City. I'd never seen the aisles look so spacious.

I figured it was best to head straight there just in case the eggs went quickly.

I was surprised to find that there weren't any sets of five dozen cage-free eggs for sale, only smaller cartons with two dozen eggs.

A Costco employee told me that egg deliveries have been inconsistent and that the store's stock varies daily.

Since the Manhattan location hadn't received any eggs that morning, the cartons in stock were likely leftover from closing the day before, the employee said.

My neighbors and I occasionally pick up items from Costco for each other. They bought me some cheese on their latest shopping trip, so I owed them a favor.

I stayed in the refrigerated section to see how long it would take for the eggs to sell out.

I watched several shoppers, who had also arrived early, walk into the refrigerated section. They seemed to express disappointment after seeing the eggs were sold out.

I saw one person with six packages of eggs in their cart, but for the most part, shoppers took one or two cartons each when I was in the store.

Some Costco locations have limited customers to three egg cartons per person, but policies appear to vary by store. Costco representatives did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

The average price of a dozen large eggs in US cities was $4.95 as of January, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Costco's price during my visit was 70 cents lower than the national average.

In my experience, Manhattan's Costco usually has a small line of people waiting outside before it opens, but this shopping trip felt different. The strategic planning required to buy a carton of eggs reminded me of the frantic rush of securing Taylor Swift's Eras Tour tickets.

In this economy, eggs no longer feel like a basic grocery staple. They're a hot luxury item that flies off the shelves, available to the most devoted fans.

US presidents rode Lincoln limousines for most of the 20th century until the 1980s, when the Reagan administration switched to Cadillacs.

The latest model of the presidential limousine was commissioned by the US Secret Service in 2014 and used for the first time in 2018 by President Donald Trump.

Designed to look like a longer version of a Cadillac XT6, the chassis of the car is actually that of a Chevrolet Kodiak truck produced by General Motors, NBC News reported. The vehicle weighs around 20,000 pounds and cost around $1.5 million to build.

While details about the limousine's security measures remain classified, NBC News reported that the vehicle features a night-vision system, tear gas firing capabilities, and door handles that can be electrified to prevent intruders.

The windows are believed to be 3 inches thick and the vehicle's armor around 8 inches thick.

The limousine's secure communications system is able to dispatch the launch codes for nuclear weapons.

The seal, featuring an eagle holding an olive branch and 13 arrows in its talons below a banner reading "E Pluribus Unum" ("Out of many, one"), appears on both the interior and exterior of the passenger door.

The interior features water bottle holders and plush leather seats. Previous presidential limousines have also included a fold-out desk, according to the US Secret Service.

Presidential limousines are transported by military cargo aircraft, such as US Air Force C-17s, for use during the president's travels, according to the US Secret Service.

When Biden visited the UK in June 2021, the presidential limousine flew both the American flag and the Union Jack.

Some presidents have used the Washington, DC, "End Taxation Without Representation" license plates, while others have removed the slogan, Axios reported.

Biden and Trump rode to the 2025 inauguration ceremony together in the presidential limousine.

"It is safe to say that this car's security and coded communications systems make it the most technologically advanced protection vehicle in the world," the assistant director for the US Secret Service's Office of Protective Operations said of "The Beast, " according to the US Secret Service's official website.