• Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) have become a popular alternative to traditional homes and apartments.
• Three people who built and moved into ADUs shared with BI how they improved their lives.
• One person said moving into an ADU "was the best decision we ever made."

For newlyweds Aislyn and Ali Benjamin, purchasing a traditional home in Danville, California — a small city just over an hour's drive east of San Francisco — wasn't financially feasible.

It's easy to see why. Data from Realtor.com shows that the area's median home sale price is about $1.9 million as of December.

The Benjamins weren't keen on moving too far from Danville in search of a more affordable home, nor were they interested in renting long-term. So, they opted for another solution: building an accessory dwelling unit, or ADU, in their parent's backyard.

Today, they live in a 1,200-square-foot, three-bedroom, two-bathroom ADU in San Ramon, a city neighboring Danville. The home cost $500,000 to build, which the couple paid with their parents' help.

"This was the best decision we ever made," Ali Benjamin told Business Insider. "It allowed us to save so much money and live where we wanted."

ADUs are an affordable entry to homeownership

ADUs are compact housing units, typically 150 to 1,200 square feet, depending on location. On average, they cost between $100,000 and $300,000 to design and build, though additional expenses — such as site preparation, inspections, utility hookups, and permits — can drive up the total cost.

Thanks to their affordability and minimal land requirements, ADUs have become a popular alternative to traditional homes and apartments, particularly for first-time homeowners like the Benjamins, who navigated high home prices, mortgage rates, and a shortage of available homes.

To boost the supply of affordable housing, several states, including California, New York, and Vermont, have supported ADU construction by offering grant programs to help homeowners finance the building process.

In California, where most backyard homes are built, the state's Accessory Dwelling Unit Grant Program has provided grants of up to $40,000 to qualified homeowners — it's been instrumental in driving the growth of ADUs across the Golden State.

According to an April report from the Urban Institute, ADUs accounted for just 8% of permits and 5% of completions in California in 2018. By 2022, however, they represented 18% of total permits and production.

A couple built an ADU to give their adult son more independence

People build ADUs for various reasons, including generating income by renting out the ADU or their main home. Others build ADUs to create comfortable, semi-independent living spaces for aging parents or adult children who may need assistance or support.

Take Todd Kuchta, a 58-year-old engineer who built an ADU in his Napa, California, backyard for his 26-year-old son, Jacob, who has autism.

As Kuchta's son grew older, he desired more independence from his parents but still needed their help with daily tasks like cleaning, taking medication, and preparing meals.

Unable to afford a larger home or an assisted living facility for their son, Kuchta and his wife hired Bay Area-based ADU builder Villa to construct a 480-square-foot, one-bedroom, one-bathroom tiny home on their property.

The ADU cost over $248,000 to build. The Kuchtas received financing through Napa County's Affordable ADU program, which provided a $63,000 forgivable loan. They also secured a $160,000 loan from a credit union as a second mortgage.

The new living arrangement has mutually benefited the Kucthas and their son.

"Jacob really enjoys living on his own — he's thriving," Kuchta told BI.

He added that he and his wife's "stress has significantly decreased, and they have peace of mind knowing they can still provide the emotional support he needs."

A woman built an ADU in her backyard to age in place

The growing trend of multiple generations living together, either under the same roof or on the same property, has fueled the rise of "granny pods" — small outbuildings designed to provide support while allowing older adults to age in place and maintain their independence.

Struggling with the stairs in her two-story home, 72-year-old Wilder-Abrams moved into a 560-square-foot, one-bedroom, one-bathroom granny pod in her backyard in 2022.

Meanwhile, her 34-year-old daughter moved into the home she had lived in for 35 years — a 2,000-square-foot, three-bedroom, two-bathroom home — with her 3-year-old daughter.

"I was ready to downsize and have a smaller place to live and take care of," Wilder-Abrams told BI. "The home is in an urban area, so there are a lot of possibilities for my daughter, too."

The ADU cost $350,000 to build. Wilder-Abrams secured a second mortgage on her home to finance the construction, as the original mortgage had been paid off years ago. Her daughter now pays $1,500 monthly rent, covering the new mortgage payment.

Beyond the financial benefits, home swapping has provided Wilder-Abrams with valuable physical and emotional support. She said having her daughter nearby was crucial to her recovery after knee surgery last year.

"The first few days, she stayed with me to change the ice packs regularly," Wilder-Abrams said. "It was so convenient for both of us."

• Elon Musk said SpaceX will donate free Starlink terminals to areas of LA hit by massive wildfires.
• The city is battling a series of huge fires which have forced over 100,000 residents to evacuate.
• Starlink has previously been used after natural disasters like Hurricane Helene, and in conflict zones.

Elon Musk says he will donate free Starlink terminals to Los Angeles as the city fights a series of devastating wildfires.

The SpaceX founder said on Wednesday night that the rocket company would provide the terminals to areas hit by the huge wildfires, which have forced 100,000 people to evacuate and plunged the region into chaos over the past few days.

"SpaceX will provide free Starlink terminals to affected areas in LA tomorrow morning," the billionaire wrote in a post on X.

SpaceX's Starlink service provides internet using a network of thousands of low-orbit satellites.

The technology is designed to offer connectivity in rural areas and regions without consistent internet access, and has been regularly deployed at natural disaster scenes in recent years.

Musk has also offered free Starlink services to areas hit by extreme weather events in the past.

In October, SpaceX waived costs to use the internet satellite service for those hit by hurricanes Milton and Helene, which battered the east coast of the US in late 2024 — although some users found that they still had to pay as much as $400 to purchase a Starlink terminal.

SpaceX has also deployed Starlink to war-torn regions such as Gaza and Ukraine, although not without political controversy.

Musk's announcement that SpaceX would supply Starlink to "internationally recognized aid organizations" in Gaza prompted fierce backlash from Israel, which had largely blocked communications from the territory since it launched a destructive invasion in the aftermath of attacks by Hamas in October 2023.

The company eventually received permission to set up the service in a hospital in Gaza, Musk confirmed in July last year.

Starlink's presence in Ukraine, where it has served as a key military communications tool for the Ukrainian army since 2022, has also dragged Musk into geopolitical minefields.

In 2023, the billionaire was heavily criticized for refusing a request from Ukrainian forces to enable Starlink over Crimea, foiling an attack on the Russian navy.

SpaceX did not respond to a request for comment, sent outside normal working hours.

• Shayla Smith is the COO of a Hollywood law firm, where curt corporate speak is normal.
• She realized she needed to take a more nuanced approach to communication at home.
• Her experience in retail helped her refine her communication techniques, she says.

This as-told-to essay is based on a conversation with Shayla Smith, Chief Operating Officer of Lichter Grossman Nichols Feldman Rogal Shikora & Clark, Inc. It has been edited for length and clarity.

I've always had a firm but fair communication style. I don't tone myself down: I am who I am because everyone else is taken. That's served me well professionally. While I started my career in retail at Target, I quickly stepped into C-suite operational roles, first in wealth management and later in law firms.

At work, I'm goal-oriented. Whether I'm recruiting new talent, helping a customer have the best experience possible, or working with one of the many managing partners at my firm, I operate with confidence and command. That's helped me get far in my career.

And yet, recently, I realized it was holding me back at home. It took a comment from my husband to help me realize that I needed to establish a clear separation between the role of a leader in the workplace and a leader at home. I was accustomed to providing directives all day at work, so I found it natural to adopt the same approach at home. Unfortunately, that often struck my husband and sons, who are 9 and 7, the wrong way.

Now, I focus on delivery, not just content

Professionally, I'm focused on the outcome. I can be curt, and I say something once and expect the team to act on it. After my husband pointed out that I was using corporate speak and delivery with him, I adjusted my communication at home. I started considering not only what I wanted to convey but how I wanted to convey it.

I stay true to myself but tone it down

I'm always going to have a strong communication style. Luckily, my husband is super even-keeled and well-balanced. I've started to think about toning down my sharp communication. I imagine it like a light switch: at work, I can let my bulb shine with full power, but at home, on relaxed evenings, sometimes it's nice to hit that dimmer switch and lower the intensity just a bit.

I'm intentional with my words

My husband is a first responder with a hectic overnight schedule, while I have an equally busy schedule in the corporate world. Sometimes, our communication has to be clipped and to the point because we're so busy.

Even at those times, I'm careful with the words that I use. Saying "I would like it if…" or "It would be nice if…" helps my husband know I come from a place of care and understanding, even when I'm being direct. In turn, that helps him better receive what I need to say, so we both win.

We create a relaxing environment at home

Since we both have such demanding jobs, we intentionally create a calm, relaxing environment at home that's markedly different from the chaos of the world outside. Physically, we create a very different environment, working together to pick soothing wall colors and decor. We might talk about work in the car, but we try not to discuss it at home because we want to protect our space.

There are some corporate communication lessons I want the boys to know

While I've changed my communication style with my family, there are aspects of corporate communication I want my sons to know. I'm always reminding them to speak loudly and clearly, looking the person they're speaking with in the eye and speaking with conviction. They know I'll only say things once, and I expect them to pay attention.

Ultimately, I hope they understand that people might not remember what you said, but they'll remember how you made them feel. I learned that working Black Fridays at Target when I was juggling angry guests, overwhelmed workers, and lots of small crises. Although a Hollywood law firm might seem different from that, customer service and great communication are critical across the board — whether with family, colleagues, or clients.

President-elect Trump and top advisers previewed ambitious plans for 100 executive orders during a meeting with Senate Republicans on Wednesday night, Axios has learned.

Why it matters: While Congress debates the next moves on their own aggressive legislative plans, Trump let them know he is ready to roll — especially on immigration.

• Senators were given previews of some of what they were told would be 100 executive orders, two sources who were in the room told Axios.
• Stephen Miller, Trump's longtime immigration adviser, dove into how they intend to use executive power to address the border and immigration starting Day 1.
• It's unclear if all will be technical executive orders, or more broadly executive actions taken by Trump or federal agencies.

One big border plan: Reinstating Title 42, according to multiple sources.

• The pandemic-era public health policy cites concerns about spreading illness to allow for the rapid expulsion of migrants at the border — preventing them from even a shot at asylum.
• There were millions of Title 42 expulsions from early in the COVID pandemic until President Biden ended the policy in 2023.

Other executive actions and plans that Miller outlined included:

• More aggressively using a part of the Immigration and Nationality Act — 287(g) — which allows some state and local law enforcement to assist in some of the duties of Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
• Building the border wall, constructing soft-sided facilities to hold migrants and implementing other asylum restrictions.

• First-time homebuyers have had a hard time finding affordable homes.
• A ranking from Realtor.com shows the best cities in the US for first-time buyers.
• Smaller and suburban cities lead the list, and one region is nowhere to be found.

The current state of the housing market has made it challenging for first-time homebuyers, but a few cities around the US have easier markets than others.

The look of the first-time buyer has changed over the years, with the median age of the first-time buyer jumping to 38 in 2024 from 35 in 2023.

"When we think about first-time homebuyers, a lot of times we think young families and young professionals looking to get into the housing market for the first time," Realtor.com senior economist Joel Berner told Business Insider. "And that's still true. But the other thing that is true — and becoming more true — is it's folks who have been in that position for several years now are just finally able to get into it."

With sticky listing prices and mortgage rates predicted to remain unchanged in 2025, first-time homebuyers face additional challenges.

A newly released report from Realtor.com ranked the best markets for first-time homebuyers in 2025. Three Florida cities made the list and two cities in New York did as well, but no cities on the west coast made the list.

This wasn't all that surprising, as plenty of movers have vacated the west looking for more affordable parts of the country, and Berner noted affordability made up 25% of the weighted score.

"Affordability is the main story we talk about, and it's a big struggle with mortgage rates just hovering right under 7% right now — not really going to get a lot of relief on that front," Berner told Business Insider.

Small towns and suburban cities dominated the list, offering a good mix of relief in listing prices as well as high location scores — a metric used by Realtor.com that factors in nearby amenities like daycares, nightlife, and restaurants.

While most of the cities on the list have populations under 200,000 residents, Baltimore is an outlier, with affordable home prices and a population of 585,708, according to census data.

"I think if that median listing price were just a little bit higher, it wouldn't have been here," Berner said. "But because it's a very affordable market, it can compete with some of these smaller towns."

Here are the top 10 cities for first-time homebuyers, according to Realtor.com.

1. Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

Median listing price: $140,000

Home inventory per 1,000 households: 34.8

Price-to-income ratio: 2.6

Expected share of 25- to 34-year-old homeowners: 20.6%

2. Rochester, New York

Median listing price: $129,900

Home inventory per 1,000 households: 21.2

Price-to-income ratio: 2.5

Expected share of 25- to 34-year-old homeowners: 22.3%

3. Villas, Florida

Median listing price: $236,950

Home inventory per 1,000 households: 85.6

Price-to-income ratio: 3.4

Expected share of 25- to 34-year-old homeowners: 14.1%

4. Lauderdale Lakes, Florida

Median listing price: $154,850

Home inventory per 1,000 households: 72.4

Price-to-income ratio: 2.7

Expected share of 25- to 34-year-old homeowners: 11.2%

5. Altamonte Springs, Florida

Median listing price: $229,400

Home inventory per 1,000 households: 46.8

Price-to-income ratio: 3.6

Expected share of 25- to 34-year-old homeowners: 19.4%

6. Lansing, Michigan

Median listing price: $135,000

Home inventory per 1,000 households: 42.3

Price-to-income ratio: 2.6

Expected share of 25- to 34-year-old homeowners: 21.4%

7. North Little Rock, Arkansas

Median listing price: $160,000

Home inventory per 1,000 households: 38.5

Price-to-income ratio: 3.3

Expected share of 25- to 34-year-old homeowners: 17.6%

8. Baltimore, Maryland

Median listing price: $210,000

Home inventory per 1,000 households: 51.6

Price-to-income ratio: 3.3

Expected share of 25- to 34-year-old homeowners: 19.9%

9. Tonawanda, New York

Median listing price: $229,900

Home inventory per 1,000 households: 30.2

Price-to-income ratio: 2.9

Expected share of 25- to 34-year-old homeowners: 14.2%

10. Wilmington, Delaware

Median listing price: $222,000

Home inventory per 1,000 households: 41.3

Price-to-income ratio: 4.1

Expected share of 25- to 34-year-old homeowners: 18.4%

• So many adults pressure kids to choose careers before their brains fully develop.
• As a former college teacher, I've seen how young adults lack the skills needed to make major life decisions.
• With my own kids, I'm encouraging exploration and responsibility. They can decide on a career later.

Ever since my four children were small, adults would predictably ask them, "What do you want to be when you grow up?" Plenty of young ones want to be someone they deem heroic, like a firefighter, or something that sounds cool, like a magician. It's all fun and games, until it's not.

As a former college writing teacher, I'm so tired of adults demanding that kids "choose a career path" before their brains are even close to being fully developed. (Science says that's around age 25, in case you didn't know.) Rarely did my 18, 19, and 20-year-old students hone in on their forever future at their ages. They simply didn't have the life experience, self-awareness, and maturity to make such a major decision.

Two of my children are teens, and already, their schools are imploring them to start making some big life choices. I taught at the university level for a decade, and most of those young adults weren't ready to "pick and stick" yet, much less our high school and middle school kids.

Instead of asking kids what they want to be when they grow up and then spending years prodding and pressuring them into a lifetime of anxiety over their academic (and then career) choices and performance, we need to take a step back and try differently — and better. We adults are missing the forest for the trees. Here's what I'm doing with my teens instead.

Support kids in getting and maintaining a job

Many adults my age worked since we were pre-teens, we had jobs such as babysitting and mowing the lawn. These experiences were invaluable. Many kids today are so over-scheduled or catatonic (thanks, COVID), and they don't have the same job opportunities we did.

When your teen wants to work, find ways to help them accomplish this goal, including: applying for a job, learning the skills to perform well, arriving on time, having a strong work ethic, and communicating with their employer. When jobs don't work out, support your child then, too. Failure is a wonderful teacher.

Help children learn to manage their money

With a job comes money. A paycheck can bring about financial freedom or some serious issues. Letting your kids make mistakes with their money now is a gift. Showing your child how to save, how to be a savvy spender, and the importance of generosity will set them up for future success. Remember to also be a good role model with your own money since our kids are always watching.

Stop rescuing them at every turn

One of the worst things I saw parents do for their college students was rescue them at the drop of a hat. I had multiple parents call me to complain that their child was failing my class — and boldly claiming it was my fault. What I couldn't tell the parent, legally, were the real reasons their child was failing; their child was skipping class and not turning in required work.

What parents failed to realize is that they'd never taught their child basic skills: effective communication and age-appropriate responsibility (such as time management. These weren't bad kids. These were kids who lacked skills. Parents, there are times your kids need you to swoop in and help them, but most times, please know and allow that a challenge is an opportunity for the child to try things their way, then live and learn.

Say yes to safe exploration

From what I've seen, many millennial parents have the mindset that their child needs to pick one or two extracurricular activities and excel in them, no matter what, even if it's financially and time-draining, not to mention stressful for the kid.

Parents, it's perfectly fine for your child to want to explore many different types of activities and not be "the best" in any one of them. Trying a sport, for example, not liking it, and then wanting to discontinue participating doesn't make your child "a quitter." In fact, this is how they learn personal boundaries and to appreciate curiosity and courage.

Give responsibilities at home

Yes, I'm talking about (gasp) chores. Having daily, required tasks teaches your child teamwork, cleanliness, and responsibility. If we desire for our kids to become adults who can live on their own or with someone else, let's give them opportunities to practice what that means. Maybe it sounds silly in theory, but knowing how to sweep a floor, run a load of laundry, or take out the trash on the appropriate day is skill-building. I witnessed far too many college students who couldn't run a load of laundry, scramble an egg, or send a respectful, clear e-mail to me.

In time, kids will figure out their path

We push kids to choose what they want to be when they grow up but often fail to teach them how to be a grown up. Parents, now is the time to let kids have new experiences, make mistakes, and practice problem-solving skills — all while they have our support, guidance, and love.

• Wall Street newcomers are often highly successful.
• But Morgan Stanley's Mike Wilson says a key to success is learning to accept failures.
• Always being ready to up your game as you get promoted is also crucial, he said.

If you're just getting started in your career on Wall Street, Morgan Stanley chief investment officer Mike Wilson has some tough love to share with you: life's only going to get harder.

In an interview with Business Insider in December, Wilson listed a couple pieces of advice he gives to his new hires, interns, and even his kids.

Number one: you're not going to be as successful as you're used to being. Landing a job at an investment bank or research firm is an achievement, with a stellar academic record often being a prerequisite. So many youngsters entering banking are accustomed to outperforming. But failing is a fact of life in banking, Wilson said.

"A lot of people coming to Wall Street are overachievers," Wilson said. "I say, 'My guess is your historical report card has very few Bs on it. Maybe none. And definitely no Cs. And so what you're going to have to get used to coming to Wall Street is you're going to get a bunch of Fs, and you can't even fathom what that feels like."

How you adjust to that feeling will be one factor in how successful you become, he said.

"You picked the stock, it went to zero, everybody knows you made a mistake. How are you going to deal with that?" Wilson said.

"The best investors generally get 55% of their calls correct," he continued. "There are a lot of dynamics that play into being a good investor, a good analyst, a good strategist. But I think the hardest one is learning how to accept failure, learning how to be wrong, admit it, and move on. Acknowledge your mistakes."

Wilson, who is also Morgan Stanley's chief US equity strategist, has put his advice to use in recent years. He was one of the most accurate market forecasters in 2022 amid a market sell-off, but his ongoing bearishness caught up with him in 2023 when the market turned around. He issued a mea culpa, offering more bullish price targets since then alongside the ongoing stock-market rally.

As for his second piece of advice, Wilson said to be ready to continually up your game as you become more successful.

"I have two sons in their 20s, and I always kid around with them. When they're successful at work, I say, 'Congratulations, you're gonna make it to the next level. Guess what: It's going to be harder,'" Wilson said.

But that's not necessarily a bad thing, he said.

"That's life. Every rung is harder, and that's the thrill of it, too, because you're competing at a higher level," he said. "If you're successful, you just understand that dynamic, and that's something I think young people need to know — what exactly they're signing up for."

In the interview, Wilson also shared more general career advice that can apply to people outside of the financial industry as well: stand up for ideas that you have high conviction in. In his role, that means sometimes issuing calls against consensus. He called this taking personal risk.

"You've got to be willing to go take a stand on stuff, whether it's in a meeting, with people you report to, pointing out things that you don't agree with, kind of making a firm stance," Wilson said.

• After his first two semesters of college, my son is on academic suspension.
• Right now, he's working in a bakery while he decides what he want to do next.
• We're not sure if he'll return to school, but I'll support him in his decision.

My darling son's college career has been on hiatus for a year, and his GPA is at the bottom of a deep well. What's a caring parent to do?

The heavy words "academic suspension" are nothing any parent or student wants to see on their record. But after two disastrous semesters, he was suspended for a semester — and he hasn't shown any inclination to return. Since he's lost his scholarship, probably for good, it will be an expensive return to campus.

Here's what I'm doing to support my son better as he takes charge of his life.

I didn't see there could be another path for him

My generation was taught that going to college is the best way to ensure a secure, well-paying job. I also learned that a college education is a way to become more well-rounded. I thought it was a given that he would go to college and then have a career.

I passed these ideas along to my son. He was enrolled in college preparatory courses, and in middle and high school, the teachers also emphasized how important a college education would be to his future. But there was a discrepancy between what he was being told and what he saw in real life.

My son watched as his parents, both journalists with college degrees, struggled with temporary furloughs, weird hours, beau coups of stress, a relocation, and my recent layoff. Our jobs were neither secure nor particularly well-paying.

The YouTubers whose videogame playthroughs he watched didn't necessarily need a college degree to do what they did, either — though some of them do have them — and they were making a decent living doing something they enjoy.

I wanted my son to be able to live safely, comfortably, and independently in an indifferent, cold world. But now, looking back, I worry I pushed him too hard in the direction I wanted him to go when he hesitated because I didn't see that there was another path for him.

I'm finally listening to my son

He gave lip service during his senior year of high school about wanting to go to college but was noncommittal on many of the details. That should have been my first clue he may not be sure, yet I still dragged him to various college tours, thinking it would get him excited about going. What my son remembered the most about those trips was the heat of southern Georgia in August and being appalled the campus tour guide hadn't tried crepes until college.

When his indifference continued, I told him to sign up for a local community college and suggested a major based on his love of food and nutrition: chemistry. He complied. Naturally, chemistry is one of the courses he failed in his first semester. Basically, I contributed to the situation we now find ourselves in — I'm no "Mother of the Year" candidate.

During the school year, he told me that things were fine, even when they weren't. I took it as truth, because it's what I wanted to hear. But now, I'm really listening. It seems like an obvious step, doesn't it? Our communication had suffered because my son was telling me what he thought I wanted to hear instead of the truth. He'd gone to college because he didn't want to disappoint me.

He's learning by doing what he enjoys

Plenty of well-known people have hit pause on college and gone on trips overseas to "find themselves." My son is having to find his place in the world while working at a bakery.

He seems to be enjoying most of it. In his free time after work, he cooks banana nut bread, muffins, and cookies. Cooking is both an art and a science, something he's enjoyed since taking culinary classes in high school before the pandemic brought those courses to an end.

I suggested he enroll in culinary classes, but he seems content to just work for now. So, I'm staying out of the way as he concocts the recipe of his life while also providing support and encouragement.

I still think college while he is still young is the best option for his future. But what's more important is what he thinks, and it's apparent that despite all the sales pitches, he hasn't been sold on the idea of college.