• Goldman Sachs has been building out its generative AI toolkit.
• The firm aims to release one of its tools, an AI assistant, to most staff this year.
• Here's a look at five such tools — the promise of what they can do, plus who's using them and how.

Last summer, Goldman Sachs' tech chief, Marco Argenti, shared a "completely not scientific" prediction with Business Insider that, in about three years, almost "100%" of Goldman's global workforce would interact with artificial intelligence while doing their jobs.

"It's going to be just like email at the end of the day," Argenti, the bank's chief information officer, said about AI in the 2024 interview, calling it "something that in some form is going to touch everyone." About a year later, the firm appears to be well on the way toward its goal.

Argenti came to Wall Street in 2019 by way of Amazon's gigantic cloud business, and now finds himself at the nexus of the bank's accelerating AI strategy. With his help, the firm has rolled out multiple AI-powered tools for about 10,000 members of its more than 46,000-person worldwide workforce. It's planning to expand some — like its AI Assistant chatbot — to all employees by the year's end.

On the firm's most recent earnings call, CEO David Solomon told shareholders he was expecting big things from AI — like his belief that it will "transform our engineering capabilities" and "modernize our technology stack."

Top executives report witnessing some of the benefits Solomon was pointing to. Melissa Goldman, a partner and global head of engineering in the banking and markets division, told BI that software engineers using the developer copilot had seen efficiency gains of up to 20%.

Goldman's growing suite of tools so far aims to boost employees' productivity. The firm is creating copilots designed to remove some of the drudgery from bankers' lives, for instance, like assembling presentations and prepping for client meetings; and AI polyglots fluent in several languages, saving research-distribution teams days burned doing manual translations.

All the tools were built on the bank's proprietary GS AI Platform, which debuted in 2024. It's equipped with access to some of the most prominent large language models, like ChatGPT or Google's Gemini, but a protective layer was added to insulate the firm's sensitive data from outsiders.

Over the past year, BI has talked to multiple Goldman executives, including Argenti and Goldman, about their AI strategy. Through interviews and a review of the firm's public comments, we compiled intel about five of Goldman's AI tools, including what they do and whom they were made for. Details about each one tell a story about where the bank stands today on its AI journey.

Here's everything we know.

GS AI Assistant

What it does: Goldman Sachs' in-house version of ChatGPT

Think of the GS AI Assistant as a sidekick for Goldman employees.

It uses a chat interface, similar to that of ChatGPT, but can pull its responses from the bank's confidential data repository. Right now, it's available to about 10,000 workers; the firm is intending to get it in the hands of the rest of the bank's workforce of over 46,000 by the end of the year.

It can perform a variety of functions, helping executives draft presentations and plan off-site meetings, or serving as a "personal tutor" for quant strategists. What's more, this system is a backbone of Goldman's AI offerings — a wellspring from which several other tools, like Translate AI, described below, have emerged.

As seven Goldman employees ranging from analyst to partner recently told BI, the GS AI Assistant is becoming part of daily life at the firm. These regular users spoke about use cases ranging from learning about printing call options and authoring original lines of code to preparing notes to guide intense strategic discussions.

"I use it every day for getting a head start on traditionally time-consuming tasks," said one engineering associate about how he leverages the tech. It's been "saving me hours every week," the associate, Konstantin Kuchenmeister, added.

Banker Copilot

What it does: Streamlines some aspects of investment bankers' jobs

Members of Goldman's investment banking division are also set to get an AI boost with the bank's so-called banker copilot, which makes access to high-level, protected data about matters like deal-making available to eligible users. Only a small group numbering in the dozens has access to it right now since it's in the early stages of development.

But the promise of what the AI assistant could represent for the banking business is hard to deny. Solomon himself has acknowledged the potential for AI to automate large chunks of tedious processes, like drafting S-1 regulatory disclosures for initial public offerings, for instance.

The banker copilot is expected to help users in several ways: among them, compiling data on clients and deals, analyzing corporate filings for hard-to-find cues that bankers would want to know about, drafting lengthy documents, or summarizing notes. It will have access to special subsets of data only to those authorized to see it.

Legend AI Query

What it does: A search tool that uses AI to navigate the bank's vast repository of data

Goldman uses a system called Legend, an open-source data management and governance platform. Accessing Goldman's vast vault of knowledge used to require users to know what they were looking for — as well as where they were looking — ahead of time, using a tool called "Legend Query." Think of this process as being like perusing dozens of stacks in a library, but without a librarian to help.

Enter Legend AI Query, a query tool that saves time by tapping artificial intelligence to serve as that librarian. Legend AI Query, which is in early stages of its rollout, is the firm's digital research assistant for accessing data using natural language descriptions. Neema Raphael, Goldman's chief data officer, told BI that this interface, combined with the bank's data, amounted to an "information superintelligence to help the human build a better mental model faster and quicker."

Here's how it works: To access files that could be deep within the bowels of Legend, all a user has to do is enter a query into the system in plain English and AI will do the rest. Examples of requests could look like:

• Show me all swap trades with financial institution Y in Americas by the rates desk on May 1, 2025
• Give me a list of commercial loan facilities that are maturing today.
• Can I get the last price for April 25 crude oil futures with ticker XYZ?

Legend Copilot

What it does: A fast-tracked way to upload data onto Legend, and keep the system organized

Legend Copilot, which launched in October, is a tool primarily designed for use by data engineers to maintain Legend's infrastructure, and keep its information streams organized for others to access.

Legend draws on data that originates in other databases, but still needs to be routed into the centralized Legend system. The AI-powered assistant enables Goldman's engineers to generate end-to-end data models or APIs in minutes, though it used to be a much lengthier process when they did it manually.

The copilot also gives engineers templates on which they can create new reports, models, or APIs, streamlining the whole process.

Translate AI

What it does: In-house language translation to and from English

As a global bank, Goldman Sachs has clients worldwide. Sometimes, those clients have a preferred language that's not English.

To reach clients in their non-English speaking language, the bank would historically outsource some of this translation work, but turnaround times could stretch into days. That's why Goldman built Translate AI, an in-house and generative AI-powered solution that can translate text in seconds or minutes, on top of its GS AI Assistant platform.

Teams within groups like asset and wealth management or global investment research are using Translate AI, which translates to and from English. Kerry Blum, a partner and global head of the equity structuring group who manages assets of high-net-worth individuals, told BI that members of her team were using the tool to translate writing in nine different languages so far.

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• Goldman Sachs has been deepening its investments in generative artificial intelligence.
• CEO David Solomon has said the bank's AI tools will "scale and transform our engineering abilities."
• Seven Goldman employees, from analyst to partner, told BI how AI is changing their jobs.

A few years ago, what excited one of Wall Street's top tech bosses about artificial intelligence was its potential to serve as an infinite repository of facts. He even likened its advent to the printing press.

Now, Marco Argenti, the chief information officer at Goldman Sachs, is bullish about the tech's growing analytical and reasoning powers, too.

"It is like the ultimate librarian that knows how to find the information," he told Business Insider in a recent interview. He said that AI's reasoning capabilities have reached the point of helping users analyze and synthesize conclusions.

It's not just mundane tasks that can be outsourced to AI anymore, but even intricate problems that Argenti predicted will one day be solved by "teams" of human and digital brains.

That deepening degree of analytical ability has prompted a shift in how Goldman's other leaders have come to think about AI, and spawned a suite of new products. Under Argenti's leadership, the bank has introduced generative AI-powered resources built using the AI platform Goldman launched in mid-2024. That foundation was engineered with access to popular large language models like Google's Gemini or OpenAI's ChatGPT, but includes a protective layer to insulate the firm's confidential data.

Goldman has since produced a range of tools, from a developer copilot for writing code, to a language translator, to its interactive "GS AI Assistant" — an AI sidekick for employees resembling the kind of chat interface that ChatGPT operates for its own everyday users.

During the bank's April earnings call, CEO David Solomon told shareholders that these tools, including the GS AI Assistant, promised "to scale and transform our engineering capabilities."

It's now available to roughly 10,000 members of the firm's more than 46,000-person-strong workforce, with the goal of expanding it to most others by the end of the year. The rollout comes as financial firms, including other banks, start to see cost and time savings from their AI investments. Case in point: Solomon has said that AI is doing 95% of the work on an IPO prospectus.

With AI's reach in finance only accelerating, some in the industry have openly worried about threats from the tech, like job redundancies and cost savings. Nonetheless, it's won over some devotees — like these seven Goldman employees, ranging from analyst to partner, who shared real-life depictions with BI of how they're making it work for them.

Their vignettes offer a picture of how AI is changing life in finance.

Ashish Shah, partner and chief investment officer of public investing, asset and wealth management

Even though he's a senior leader in the firm's public investing business and among its top executives as a Goldman partner, Shah still welcomes help presenting his thoughts and opinions.

"With more analytical people, generative AI is really helpful as a starting point with some of the more creative aspects of their jobs," Shah told BI. "The GS AI Assistant helps get me to a first draft quickly. Once I have that first draft to react to, I have all sorts of opinions and can iterate easily from there."

It allows him to brainstorm and structure concepts he wants to get across and organize those specific threads "in a pithy manner," he said.

When Shah used AI to help structure a strategic discussion for an upcoming business on-site trip, he said it shortened "what could have taken three to five hours," and boiled "it down into 30 minutes of back and forth with the LLM."

"That kind of time saving," he added, "is incredibly valuable."

Kerry Blum, partner and global head of the equity structuring group, asset and wealth management

Working with some of Goldman's wealthiest clients, like high-net worth individuals, family offices, and founders of companies, Blum's broader team talks with people all over the world.

"We're a global bank. Our clients are global. Our investment ideas are global," Blum said. "So we want to meet our clients where they are, and while our reach is already global, we can enhance the way we engage with our clients by speaking to them in their preferred language."

The bank is now expanding its Translate AI tool, which currently works with nine other languages, into the asset and wealth management division, Blum said.

Historically, Goldman outsourced some of this translation work, and turnaround times could sometimes stretch into days, making time-sensitive updates challenging or impractical at times. With Translate AI, output is seconds or minutes, she added, allowing her teams to share more time-sensitive updates rather than stick to the more evergreen content with a longer shelf life.

Raphaelle Jacquemin, managing director, global banking and markets

Although AI is new to Jacquemin's day-to-day toolkit, the managing director in equity derivatives structuring is already reaping the rewards.

Specifically, Jacquemin uses the tools to help her with software, whether it's doing something complicated in Outlook or maneuvering through coding languages.

"For example, I can say, 'I want to create in Outlook a search folder where I have all the emails which are bigger than 2MB, unread, and older than 5 years old. Give me a tutorial on how to do this,'" she explained.

She's also found it valuable in breaking down programming languages, like Python. The London-based employee has asked AI to make sense of coding commands, like "pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples," or suggest the best way to spin up tables of figures in Python.

Christopher Dixon, vice president, global investment research

Goldman Sachs' Translate AI tool is also available to its investment research teams to translate a wide variety of reports into some languages.

The content-management-group team has been using the LLM-based interface, which translates to and from English, for around nine months, said Dixon, a vice president at the bank. He said the firm has recorded a "high double-digit improvement" in productivity around translations, while also reducing translation outsourcing costs, he said, though the firm declined to offer specific figures.

Samantha Boden, vice president, global banking and markets

As a quantitative strategist focused on risk modeling, Boden spends much of her time developing new ideas.

"While this is exciting, learning entirely new topics can be challenging," she said. So Boden has turned to the GS AI Assistant as her "personal tutor," which has completely changed the way she approaches her daily work and masters technical topics.

For instance, if Boden wanted to learn how to price an American call option, she said she can ask the AI a series of questions about pricing methods or an "unsolved example to practice." If certain features are added, she can query how the model changes using the AI system, as well.

"The power lies not only in the AI's vast knowledge base but also in the speed of iteration," Boden said, adding that she can quickly request more details about a specific response, or personalize the learning experience.

Konstantin Kuchenmeister, associate, engineering

Goldman Sachs' engineering coding assistant and the GS AI Assistant are quickly becoming the primary tools in Kuchenmeister's daily workflow.

"I use it every day for getting a head start on traditionally time-consuming tasks such as code writing and reviewing models, saving me hours every week," said Kuchenmeister, who is also an adjunct math professor at Columbia University.

From routinely asking the tool to review team members' code changes, to running a line-by-line analysis to flag potential vulnerabilities, Kuchenmeister said he has started treating the GS AI Assistant "as both a collaborative tool and colleague."

The AI assistant has also shaved time off the weekly updates, routine project plans, and presentation decks Kuchenmeister has to put together. Recently, he prompted it to prepare the monthly update presentation he gives, while telling it to keep the draft under three pages, bearing in mind notes from the prior week's meeting, and to format everything like a bulleted list.

"It responded with a near-final version in less than a minute," he said.

Samruddhi Somwanshi, analyst, engineering

As one of the firm's newest recruits, Somwanshi, who holds the entry-level role of analyst, turns to AI to save time navigating the bank's vast codebase. She also uses the bank's AI tools to write test cases quickly, explain specific parts of code, and document changes made to the code.

It's a new world for engineering analysts like her — just a few years ago, time-consuming tasks like these would have mostly been done by hand.

"Sometimes I just describe what I want to do, and it helps by pointing me to the right files or functions I should check for," she said. "It might sound like a small thing, but doing this every day really adds up and makes my work as a developer much smoother," Somwanshi continued, adding: "It's been a huge time-saver."

And as an analyst and newbie to Goldman's hard-charging culture, every second on the job can count.

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