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2024 was alarmingly hot all over the world

2024 will be the second straight "hottest year" on record. But it wasn't supposed to be as hot as it was, coming in far ahead of 2023's alarming global temperature spike.

Threat level: For reasons climate scientists don't yet fully understand, 2024 is even likely to temporarily eclipse the Paris Agreement's 1.5Β°C temperature target, when compared to preindustrial levels.


Between the lines: Earth's extreme heat can be partially explained by human-caused warming, the lingering effects of a strong El NiΓ±o event, and other factors. But the truth is, researchers aren't completely sure why the planet's fever has increased faster than anticipated.

  • The unsettling possibility in play is that climate change is accelerating, which implies that tipping points, such as the shutdown of major ocean currents, are closer than once thought.

The latest: People around the world suffered an average of 41 extra days of dangerous heat this year because of climate change, according to a report out Friday from scientists at World Weather Attribution and Climate Central.

The big picture: Millions of people endured stifling heat this year.

How Russia's 'death by a thousand cuts' tactics stress Ukraine's dangerously undermanned front-line forces

Ukrainian soldiers fire artillery shells in the Donetsk region in December.
Ukrainian soldiers fire artillery shells in the Donetsk region in December.

Anadolu/Anadolu via Getty Images

  • Ukraine is facing critical manpower challenges on the battlefield.
  • An analyst recently back from Ukraine said Russia is trying to exploit this challenge by using small assault waves.
  • "It's death by a thousand cuts. It's very stressful to units who are undermanned," she said.

Ukraine is facing increasingly serious manpower challenges all along the front lines, and Russia is relying on a brutal, albeit costly, tactic to stress Kyiv's defenses.

Dara Massicot, a senior fellow in the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Russia and Eurasia Program, recently returned from a research trip to Ukraine, where she met with different units that are all facing manpower shortages and other struggles.

"What the units are experiencing from the Russians is a significant amount of strain from Russian tactics," Massicot recounted from her trip on a podcast this month with the Center for Strategic and International Studies earlier.

She said that the Russians "are attacking [the Ukrainians] in very small groups all the time, day and night. It's death by a thousand cuts. It's very stressful to units who are undermanned."

Russia's small assault wave attacks, sometimes called human wave attacks or meat assaults, have been a problem for Ukraine throughout the conflict, but they have especially been a challenge for Kyiv as it faces critical manpower shortages.

Ukrainian soldiers rest during training in the Zaporizhzhia region in November.
Ukrainian soldiers rest during training in the Zaporizhzhia region in November.

Andriy Andriyenko/Ukraine's 65th Mechanised Brigade via AP

To address this problem, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has lowered the mobilization age from 27 to 25, but the Biden administration has pushed Kyiv to lower it even more to expand the number of civilians who can fight. So far, Kyiv has been unwilling to do that.

Ukraine is not isolated in grappling with manpower challenges. Russia faces its own mobilization issues. They are much less urgent than Kyiv's, but Moscow is taking serious casualties on the battlefield, raising questions about troop sustainment and replacement down the road.

These human wave tactics come at a tremendously high cost. Conflict analysts at the Institute for the Study of War, a US think tank, said earlier this month that Russia's commitment to maintaining its theater-wide initiative in Ukraine is putting strains on its domestic labor pool.

The "constrained labor pool is likely unable to sustain this increased casualty rate in the medium-term," they wrote in a war update.

Russia experienced its highest number of casualties in any month of the war in November, averaging more than 1,500 soldiers killed and wounded every day, Britain's defense ministry said in an intelligence update earlier this month, citing Ukrainian military figures.

This made November the most costly month of the conflict for the Russian military, with nearly 46,000 total casualties, Britain's defense ministry said. It also marked the fifth straight month that Moscow saw an increase in its monthly losses. ISW said that the West needs to be boosting support to increase Russian losses, which are not sustainable.

Russian soldiers fight against Ukrainian forces in Russia's Kursk region in November.
Russian soldiers fight against Ukrainian forces in Russia's Kursk region in November.

Russian Defense Ministry Press Service via AP

"The high rate of casualties is likely reflective of the higher tempo of Russian operations and offensives," the British defense ministry said of the losses, adding that Moscow will likely continue to see over 1,000 soldiers killed and wounded every day as its forces push along the front lines.

Russia employs Soviet-style tactics in which any gained ground justifies the losses, no matter how heavy. It sends wave after wave of soldiers, offering undermanned and undersupplied Ukrainian units little rest or respite. Such tactics have been seen in Bakhmut, Avdiivka, and Pokrovsk, among other places.

The Russian leadership has signaled it is willing to suffer these losses in a grinding, attritional campaign that is just not to Ukraine's advantage, given that it is the smaller combatant with fewer resources to throw into this fight.

Massicot said that even though Russia is suffering its highest casualty rates of the Ukraine war right now, Moscow is still applying overwhelming pressure on the Ukrainian forces trying to hold the line against continuous Russian attacks, and these attacks are taking ground.

"The casualties are not causing a cessation of this tactic or these waves of attacks," she said.

Russia is trying to advance against Ukrainian defensive positions in several different directions of the front. One important area of focus is the city of Pokrovsk, a key logistics and rail hub that Moscow is closing in on.

Russia is also trying to push Ukrainian forces out of its own Kursk region, which Kyiv invaded in a stunning move in early August. Thousands of North Korean soldiers have been deployed to this area in recent weeks to help Moscow with its efforts, putting more stress on Ukrainian troops struggling to hold territory.

US and Ukrainian officials have confirmed that North Korean soldiers have engaged in combat alongside Russian forces in Kursk. They have also suffered losses in battle, in part because they don't have any recent experience with this kind of war.

Read the original article on Business Insider

Interior designers share 6 kitchen trends that'll be huge next year and 3 that will be out

Kitchen with blue cabinets, two wooden open shelves, white marble countertops
Kitchens with open shelves and cool-toned cabinets may be out of style in the new year.

YinYang/Getty Images

  • We asked interior designers about the kitchen trends we can expect to see more and less of in 2025.
  • Colorful backsplashes, unique lighting setups, and secondary kitchens could be big in the new year.
  • Designers think we'll see fewer all-white kitchens and cool-toned cabinets.

Business Insider asked four interior designers which kitchen trends they think will be popular next year and which are going out of style.

Here are their 2025 design predictions.

Colorful backsplashes might add life to kitchens.
Kitchen with white cabinets and blue tile backsplash
Some use backsplashes to add color to their kitchen.

YinYang/Getty Images

Courtney Wollersheim, interior designer at FLOOR360, said she expects to see backsplashes in colors like deep green or terracotta as more homeowners look for new ways to complement neutral walls and cabinets.

A colorful backsplash may seem risky, but a skilled tile installer can change it if your tastes change over time.

One designer said mixtures of modern and antique decor will stay trendy.
Kitchen island with large sink, leather-pull handles and open wooden shelving styled with plates and plants
Vintage plates and platters can be used as decor.

Kseniya Ovchinnikova/Getty Images

Wollersheim said she's also seeing more homeowners eager to personalize their kitchens by combining different decor styles for a custom look.

One example is mixing modern finishes with antique finds, such as treasures from flea markets or inherited items.

"Mixing old and new adds character and warmth while providing an opportunity for creative self-expression," she said.

Secondary kitchens could soar in popularity.
Pantry with appliances, storage shelves with ingredients and cookbooks
Some hide their extra clutter and appliances in a secondary kitchen space.

frazaz/Getty Images

Sarah Pickard, founder of Pickard Design Studio, predicts more people will get rid of open kitchens and divide their space to create a secondary area, like a butler's pantry, that "can be used for prep or a place to store dirty dishes."

She told us this trend is returning as some millennials seek designs similar to the homes they grew up in and entertain guests in groups.

"It is more affordable to host and eat at home, and people want their spaces and kitchen to be received as luxurious and clean," Pickard said.

More nature-inspired looks could find their way into the kitchen.
Wooden shelves in kitchen with plants and dishes, jars on them
We may see more indoor plants and herb gardens in kitchens next year.

Kseniya Ovchinnikova/Getty Images

Deana Duffek, CEO and principal designer of Pure Design House, said a continued interest in sustainability and biophilic looks will help nature-inspired designs rise in popularity throughout 2025.

"Kitchens now incorporate natural materials, like wood and stone, earthy colors, like sage and terracotta, and greenery, like indoor herb gardens," Duffek told BI.

She said we can also "expect to see more eco-friendly designs using reclaimed materials."

We may see more sophisticated lighting technology in kitchens.
Lighting behind glass doors in upper cabinets and below botton of top cabinets in all-white kitchen
Lighting can change the way a space feels.

FOTOGRAFIA INC./Getty Images

Joyce Huston, lead interior designer at Decorilla, thinks we'll see kitchen lighting evolve in 2025.

"Lighting is everything in design, and people want flexibility. The ability to change your kitchen's entire feel with lighting creates a more dynamic, personalized space," Huston said.

She said that instead of basic under-cabinet strip lights, we might see more intricate options that allow people to control the color, temperature, intensity, and mood of a space through lighting.

Some will carefully curate the metallic finishes in their kitchen, especially when it comes to appliances.
Modern black kitchen with gold and brass metallic accents
Metallic finishes are here to stay in the new year.

Gladiathor/Getty Images

Huston said she's also seeing more appliance manufacturers offer hardware in a variety of finishes, like brass or gold.

After all, the right pop of metal can be a small way to add depth, warmth, and sophistication to a design without overdoing it.

On the other hand, cool-toned cabinets are fading out in favor of warmer colors.
Flat, modern gray-wood cabinets with black marble backsplash
Cool-toned cabinets may be left behind in favor of warmer ones.

Ed Reeve/View Pictures/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

Sleek and modern designs introduced cool, neutral colors into kitchens over the last few years, but Wollersheim told BI that these shades have had their moment.

"Cool-color cabinets like white, gray, or black are moving aside for warm wood cabinets like oak or maple," she said.

Wollersheim expects this shift toward warmer colors to continue over the next few years.

All-white kitchens are no longer a first choice for many homeowners.
Kitchen with white cabinets, white countertops and light wood flooring
Too much white can make a kitchen feel sterile.

John Keeble/Getty Images

Although previously a staple in modern kitchens, all-white cabinets, counters, and kitchen walls are no longer as hot as they used to be, Duffek told BI.

"The dominance of stark, all-white kitchens with clean lines and minimalistic finishes is waning," she said. "Expect a surge in colorful, layered kitchens that blend bold hues with natural materials, reflecting a more dynamic and inviting aesthetic."

One designer said open shelving is quickly becoming unpopular.
Green cabinets with marble countertops with open shelving above it
Open shelving can look messy if it's not maintained.

Aleksandra Knezevic/Getty Images

Open shelving has been popular in kitchens for years, and many use it to showcase everyday dishes or collectibles.

But, Duffek said, this trend is fading out for a few reasons.

"While stylish, open shelving requires constant upkeep to remain presentable β€” and many homeowners prefer practical storage solutions that hide clutter," Duffek said.

Read the original article on Business Insider

A 67-year-old woman now lives in her car after losing thousands to a romance scammer pretending to be Keanu Reeves

Keanu Reeves
A woman says she lost thousands to a scammer pretending to be Keanu Reeves.

Axelle/Bauer-Griffin/FilmMagic

  • A California woman lost thousands to a scammer posing as Keanu Reeves.
  • Romance scams are common online, with older Americans facing the largest financial losses.
  • Americans lost about $650 million to romance scams in 2023.

A California woman is out tens of thousands of dollars after sending the money to a scammer she thought was actor Keanu Reeves.

Katherine Goodson, 67, said she sent thousands of dollars to the scammers through bitcoin, gift card transactions, and wire transfers over two years, according to KNSD, a local NBC affiliate. She said she is now living out of her car and had "29 miles of gas left."

"That's the lowest I've ever been," she told the outlet.

Imposter romance scams are among the most common scams on the internet. While romance scams can target people of any age group, older Americans usually suffer the largest monetary losses.

According to the FBI's Internet Crime Report, Americans lost more than $650 million to romance scams in 2023 alone. Americans over 60 reported the most losses to scammers of any age group, totaling $3.4 billion.

Melanie McGovern, the public relations director at the Better Business Bureau, told Business Insider that imposter scams are on the company's "12 scams of the holidays" list because there "are just so many." Scammers will impersonate almost anyone, from an online romantic interest to a health insurance company.

"They'll take any company name and scoop it," McGovern said.

Kate Kleinert, a 69-year-old widow, previously told BI that she lost $39,000 β€” most of her life savings β€” to an online romance scam.

"Losing the money β€” that was devastating. But losing that love and the thought of that family that we had? That's what crushed me," Kleinart told BI.

According to the Federal Trade Commission, some signs that you could be the target of a romance scam are if the person you are messaging refuses to meet in person, asks for money, or asks you to pay them in an unconventional way, such as a gift card or wire transfer.

If you suspect you may be the victim of a scam, stop talking to the person immediately and consult with someone you trust, the FTC says.

"Here's the bottom line: Never send money or gifts to a sweetheart you haven't met in person," the FTC says.

Goodson told KNSD she is sharing her story to help other Americans from becoming victims of similar scams.

"I don't blame anyone but myself," she told the outlet.

Read the original article on Business Insider

NASA spacecraft survives closest-ever approach to Sun

NASA's Parker Solar Probe completed the closest-ever approach to the Sun by a manmade spacecraft, coming within 3.8 million miles of the solar surface.

Why it matters: NASA scientists received a signal back from the probe late Thursday night after several days of silence while it conducted the fly-by. The data collected during the historic approach will now help scientists better understand the Sun.


  • The undertaking is a remarkable feat of science and engineering, given the extreme heat (up to 1,800F) and radiation the probe endured as it passed through the sun's outer atmosphere.
  • While 3.8 million miles may not seem like a particularly close encounter, the earth is 93 million miles from the sun.

State of play: The approach took place on Dec. 24 and NASA's missions operations team, based in Laurel, Maryland, received the signal just before midnight on Thursday, per a statement from NASA.

  • The probe was moving about 430,000 miles per hour.
  • The aircraft is in good condition and operating normally.

What's next: The probe is expected to send data back on Jan. 1 to the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory.

  • The data will help scientists understand how material in that region gets heated to millions of degrees, trace the origin of solar wind and discover how energetic particles are accelerated to near light speed.

Context: In 2018, Parker became the first spacecraft to enter the Sun's corona, the outermost part of the star's atmosphere that can be seen during a total solar eclipse.

  • Other close passes helped scientists pinpoint the origins of structures in the solar wind and map the outer boundary of the Sun's atmosphere.

Go deeper: NASA probe to fly closer to the Sun than ever before

OpenAI reveals new details about its plan to convert to a for-profit structure: 'We have to become an enduring company'

Sam Altman presenting onstage with the OpenAI logo behind him.
The ousting and return of OpenAI CEO Sam Altman in 2023 thrust the company's nonprofit board governance structure into the spotlight.

Jason Redmond/AFP/Getty Images

  • OpenAI shared new details about its plan to overhaul its company structure.
  • Its current for-profit arm has been governed by a nonprofit board.
  • OpenAI said its existing for-profit arm would become a public benefit corporation with ordinary shares of stock.

OpenAI has detailed its plans for a new corporate structure that would separate its business from being controlled by its nonprofit board.

In a blog post shared by the company on social media on Friday, the company said its board was considering "how to best structure OpenAI to advance the mission of ensuring AGI benefits all of humanity have been."

"Our plan is to transform our existing for-profit into a Delaware Public Benefit Corporation⁠ (PBC) with ordinary shares of stock and the OpenAI mission as its public benefit interest," OpenAI wrote.

"The PBC is a structure⁠ used⁠ by many others⁠ that requires the company to balance shareholder interests, stakeholder interests, and a public benefit interest in its decisionmaking," the company said. "It will enable us to raise the necessary capital with conventional terms like others in this space."

This structure aims to generate profit while also benefiting the public interest. The nonprofit arm would take shares in the public benefit corporation, it added.

OpenAI said it was planning to make the structural change "in order to best support the mission of ensuring artificial general intelligence benefits all of humanity."

"As we enter 2025, we will have to become more than a lab and a startup β€” we have to become an enduring company," it added.

In September, OpenAI confirmed that it would convert to a for-profit structure.

The move was also widely reported to be key to its $6.6-billion funding round in October: OpenAI has two years to make the switch, or else investors in the round could ask for their money back, multiple reports said.

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman said last month that a for-profit status makes it easier to attract new funding.

Altman is overseeing the transition just over a year after OpenAI's board temporarily removed him as the company's chief executive, thrusting its nonprofit governance into the spotlight.

While Altman was ousted for a few days, he returned as CEO, and many of the company leaders who pushed him out have since left their roles and new board members were added.

Now, OpenAI said the AI race has proven more costly than anticipated, which requires a structure more amenable to investors.

"The hundreds⁠ of billions of dollars that major companies are now investing into AI show what it will really take for OpenAI to continue pursuing the mission," OpenAI wrote in its latest blog post.

"We once again need to raise more capital than we'd imagined," it said. "Investors want to back us but, at this scale of capital, need conventional equity and less structural bespokeness."

Read the original article on Business Insider

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