• Canada's ruling Liberal Party elected Mark Carney to replace Justin Trudeau on Sunday.
• The Harvard graduate and former Goldman Sachs banker previously headed two central banks.
• Carney is used to attacks, having led the Bank of England during the height of Brexit negotiations.

Mark Carney, a former Goldman Sachs banker and the former governor of Canada's and England's central banks, is set to become Canada's prime minister, just as the country faces a fresh wave of uncertainty over tariffs.

He was elected leader of Canada's ruling Liberal Party on Sunday. He replaces Justin Trudeau, who said he would step down as party leader in January.

In the war of words over tariffs, US President Donald Trump called Trudeau "Governor Trudeau." Shortly before he took office in January, Trump said he'd used "economic force" to annex Canada.

While Carney has never held political office before, he is no stranger to political attacks and trash talk. He was governor of the Bank of England while the UK negotiated Brexit, amid a tense national atmosphere.

In 2018, Carney was criticized by pro-Brexit politicians after he warned that leaving the EU without a deal with the bloc could decimate the British economy. One member of parliament called Carney a "second-tier Canadian politician who failed to get on in Canadian politics and then got a job in the UK."

Carney, 59, is expected to be sworn in as prime minister in the coming days. He will then have to lead his party into a federal election, which must happen by October.

In the meantime, the country will have to navigate Trump's 25% tariffs, which he imposed on March 4 but delayed until April 2.

The tariff turnaround, combined with Trump's comments, has ignited a defensive fervor in Canada.

Carney referred to Canada's relationship with the US during his victory speech on Sunday.

"I know that these are dark days. Dark days brought on by a country we can no longer trust," he said.

Carney's financial sector background

Carney has a deep history in the financial sector.

He was born in Fort Smith, in the Northwest Territories, and graduated from Harvard, where he played ice hockey. He spent 13 years at Goldman Sachs, working at the investment bank's offices in London, Tokyo, New York, and Toronto.

Carney led two central banks at pivotal moments.

After leaving Goldman Sachs in 2003, Carney served as deputy governor of the Bank of Canada. He was made governor in 2008, at the start of the global financial crisis.

He was then the first non-British governor of the Bank of England from 2013 through 2020, where he guided the bank's response to Brexit.

Since leaving the Bank of England, Carney has held a mix of commercial and international roles. He was appointed vice chair of Brookfield Asset Management in 2020 and was made chair after the division was spun out as a new company in 2022.

In 2021, Carney became a board member of Stripe, a digital payments company. He was named as the chair of Bloomberg's board in 2023.

That's in addition to his work with international organizations. In 2019, before he left the Bank of England, Carney was appointed UN special envoy on climate action and finance. In 2021, Carney launched the Glasgow Financial Alliance for Net Zero, a global climate-finance coalition.

In January, Carney said while announcing his leadership bid for the Liberal Party that he had resigned from all his commercial and international roles.

Carney's response to Trump's tariffs

In his victory speech Sunday, Carney didn't hold back on Trump's tariff threats.

At times, he spoke as though he was facing off against the US president in the next election rather than his expected opponent, Pierre Poilievre, the leader of Canada's Conservative Party.

Carney threatened to impose dollar-for-dollar retaliatory tariffs that would have "maximum impact in the United States."

"My government will keep our tariffs on until the Americans show us respect, and until they can join us in making credible and reliable commitments to free and fair trade," Carney said.

He also didn't hold back on Trump during his speech.

"Trump, as we know, has put, as the prime minister just said, unjustified tariffs on what we build, on what we sell, on how we make a living," Carney said. "He's attacking Canadian families, workers, and businesses, and we cannot let him succeed, and we won't."